Amino-acid imbalance explains extension of lifespan by dietary restriction in Drosophila.
Amino-acid imbalance explains extension of lifespan by dietary restriction in Drosophila.
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作者：
饮食限制（DR）延长了各种生物体的健康寿命，并降低了繁殖力。DR被广泛认为是诱导适应性重新分配的营养物质从生殖到躯体的维护，帮助生存的食物短缺的性质。因此，在DR下的长寿命和在完全喂养下的高繁殖力将是相互排斥的，通过竞争相同的限制营养。我们测试了这个想法，通过确定营养物质产生的寿命和繁殖力的反应，在果蝇DR。在DR饮食中添加必需氨基酸可以增加繁殖力并缩短寿命，类似于完全喂养，其他营养素几乎没有影响。然而，蛋氨酸单独增加繁殖力一样多，充分喂养，但不减少寿命。因此，营养物质的重新分配不能解释DR反应。氨基酸，特别是必需氨基酸，会缩短寿命。因此，饮食中氨基酸的不平衡远离繁殖的最佳比例缩短了寿命，在充分喂养和限制生殖力在DR。减少活动的胰岛素/Igf信号通路延长寿命在不同的生物体，它保护对寿命缩短与充分喂养。在其他生物体中，包括哺乳动物，通过饮食中适当的营养平衡，可能会在不降低繁殖力的情况下获得DR寿命的益处。
Dietary restriction (DR) extends healthy lifespan in diverse organisms, and reduces fecundity. DR is widely assumed to induce adaptive reallocation of nutrients from reproduction to somatic maintenance, aiding survival of food shortages in nature. Long life under DR and high fecundity under full feeding would thus be mutually exclusive, through competition for the same, limiting nutrients. We tested this idea, by identifying the nutrients producing the responses of lifespan and fecundity to DR in Drosophila. Adding essential amino acids to a DR diet increased fecundity and decreased lifespan, similar to full feeding, with other nutrients having little or no effect. However, methionine alone increased fecundity as much as full feeding, but without reducing lifespan. Reallocation of nutrients therefore does not explain the DR responses. Lifespan was reduced by amino acids, particularly essential amino acids. Hence an imbalance in dietary amino acids away from the ratio optimal for reproduction shortens lifespan during full feeding and limits fecundity during DR. Reduced activity of the insulin/Igf signaling pathway extends lifespan in diverse organisms, and it protected against the shortening of lifespan with full feeding. In other organisms, including mammals, it may be possible to obtain the benefits for lifespan of DR without reduced fecundity, through a suitable balance of nutrients in the diet.
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影响因子：
7.8
作者：
Selesniemi K;Lee HJ;Tilly JL
通讯作者：
Tilly JL
卡路里不能通过果蝇饮食限制来解释寿命的延长。
影响因子：
9.8
作者：
Mair, William;Piper, Matthew D W;Partridge, Linda
通讯作者：
Partridge, Linda
DOI：
10.1126/science.1173635
发表时间：
2009-07-10
期刊：
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Colman RJ;Anderson RM;Johnson SC;Kastman EK;Kosmatka KJ;Beasley TM;Allison DB;Cruzen C;Simmons HA;Kemnitz JW;Weindruch R
通讯作者：
Weindruch R
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Lange, HC;Heijnen, JJ
通讯作者：
Heijnen, JJ
影响因子：
4.5
作者：
Kaeberlein, Matt;Burtner, Christopher R.;Kennedy, Brian K.
通讯作者：
Kennedy, Brian K.