Electromagnetic interference in cardiac electronic implants caused by novel electrical appliances emitting electromagnetic fields in the intermediate frequency range: a systematic review.
Electromagnetic interference in cardiac electronic implants caused by novel electrical appliances emitting electromagnetic fields in the intermediate frequency range: a systematic review.
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DOI：
10.1093/europace/euy155
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发表时间：
2019-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Stunder D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Driessen S;Napp A;Schmiedchen K;Kraus T;Stunder D
中频（IF）范围内的电磁场（EMF）由许多新颖的电器产生，包括电动车辆、射频识别系统、感应炉或能量供应系统，诸如无线充电系统。本系统性综述的目的是评价心血管植入式电子器械（CIEDs）是否易受IF范围（1 kHz-1 MHz）内的电磁干扰（EMI）的影响。此外，我们还讨论了用于研究EMI的不同类型的研究的优点和缺点。使用PRISMA（系统性综述和荟萃分析的首选报告项目）声明，我们收集并评价了在体内研究、体外研究（体模研究、基准测试）和模拟研究中检查EMI的研究。我们的分析表明，心脏植入物容易受到IF范围内EMF引起的故障的影响。电磁干扰尤其可能由安全系统和感应炉引起。本系统性综述中评估的研究结果进一步表明，EMI的可能性取决于暴露相关参数（场强、频率和调制）、植入物以及电极导线相关参数（型号、植入物类型、植入物）。灵敏度设置、电极导线配置和植入部位）。综述表明，影响EMI的因素没有得到充分的表征，CIED患者的EMF限值还不能推导出来。因此，未来的研究应系统地考虑植入相关参数以及植入物和电极导线相关参数。此外，应尽可能在所有研究类型中考虑最差情况。
Electromagnetic fields (EMF) in the intermediate frequency (IF) range are generated by many novel electrical appliances, including electric vehicles, radiofrequency identification systems, induction hobs, or energy supply systems, such as wireless charging systems. The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate whether cardiovascular implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) are susceptible to electromagnetic interference (EMI) in the IF range (1 kHz–1 MHz). Additionally, we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the different types of studies used to investigate EMI. Using the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) statement, we collected and evaluated studies examining EMI in in vivo studies, in vitro studies (phantom studies, benchmark tests), and simulation studies. Our analysis revealed that cardiac implants are susceptible to malfunction induced by EMF in the IF range. Electromagnetic interference may in particular be provoked by security systems and induction hobs. The results of the studies evaluated in this systematic review further indicate that the likelihood for EMI is dependent on exposure-related parameters (field strength, frequency, and modulation) and on implant- as well as on lead-related parameters (model, type of implant, implant sensitivity setting, lead configuration, and implantation site). The review shows that the factors influencing EMI are not sufficiently characterized and EMF limit values for CIED patients cannot be derived yet. Future studies should therefore, consider exposure-related parameters as well as implant- and lead-related parameters systematically. Additionally, worst-case scenarios should be considered in all study types where possible.
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影响因子：
3.9
作者：
Bassen, Howard
通讯作者：
Bassen, Howard
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
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DOI：
10.1046/j.1540-8167.2005.40611.x
发表时间：
2005-04-01
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
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作者：
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