Genome comparisons indicate recent transfer of wRi-like Wolbachia between sister species Drosophila suzukii and D. subpulchrella.

Genome comparisons indicate recent transfer of wRi-like Wolbachia between sister species Drosophila suzukii and D. subpulchrella.
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DOI:
10.1002/ece3.3449
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发表时间:
2017-11
影响因子:
2.6
通讯作者:
Turelli M
Turelli M
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Conner WR;Blaxter ML;Anfora G;Ometto L;Rota-Stabelli O;Turelli M

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沃尔巴克氏菌内共生菌可通过水平转移、近缘种间杂交的渗入或物种形成过程中的分支保留获得。所有三种捕获模式都已被证明,但它们的相对频率在很大程度上是未知的。铃木果蝇及其姊妹种铃木果蝇和它的姊妹种铃木果蝇,被称为wSuz和wSpc,与WRI有非常密切的亲缘关系,在加州的拟果蝇种群中被发现。然而,这些变异在它们诱导的表型上是不同的:WRI在模拟石杉中引起显著的细胞质不亲和性(CI),而在铃木石杉或亚脉冲石杉中未检测到CI。我们的wSuz和wSpc的基因组草案包含在WRI中发现的734个单拷贝基因中的703个的全长拷贝。在这些编码序列中,wSuz和wSpc仅有0.004%的差异(即,704,883个碱基中的28个);它们是相对WRI的姐妹,各自的差异为0.014%-0.015%。使用已发表的来自黑腹夜蛾、Nasonia黄蜂和Nomada蜜蜂的数据来校准Wolbachia与宿主核分歧的相对比率,我们得出结论,wSuz和wSpc过于相似-至少是100倍-不是分支起源传播的合理候选者。这三个与WRI相似的Wolbachia在它们的原生宿主中具有不同的CI表型,具有不同数量的与CI有关的基因的同源基因;CI基因座在几个核苷酸上存在差异,这可能是CI差异的原因。我们讨论了区分沃尔巴克氏菌获取的不同模式的一般问题,重点讨论了宿主核基因组、线粒体和沃尔巴克氏菌分子进化的绝对和相对速率变异的有限知识带来的困难。
Wolbachia endosymbionts may be acquired by horizontal transfer, by introgression through hybridization between closely related species, or by cladogenic retention during speciation. All three modes of acquisition have been demonstrated, but their relative frequency is largely unknown. Drosophila suzukii and its sister species D. subpulchrella harbor Wolbachia, denoted wSuz and wSpc, very closely related to wRi, identified in California populations of D. simulans. However, these variants differ in their induced phenotypes: wRi causes significant cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI) in D. simulans, but CI has not been detected in D. suzukii or D. subpulchrella. Our draft genomes of wSuz and wSpc contain full‐length copies of 703 of the 734 single‐copy genes found in wRi. Over these coding sequences, wSuz and wSpc differ by only 0.004% (i.e., 28 of 704,883 bp); they are sisters relative to wRi, from which each differs by 0.014%–0.015%. Using published data from D. melanogaster, Nasonia wasps and Nomada bees to calibrate relative rates of Wolbachia versus host nuclear divergence, we conclude that wSuz and wSpc are too similar—by at least a factor of 100—to be plausible candidates for cladogenic transmission. These three wRi‐like Wolbachia, which differ in CI phenotype in their native hosts, have different numbers of orthologs of genes postulated to contribute to CI; and the CI loci differ at several nucleotides that may account for the CI difference. We discuss the general problem of distinguishing alternative modes of Wolbachia acquisition, focusing on the difficulties posed by limited knowledge of variation in absolute and relative rates of molecular evolution for host nuclear genomes, mitochondria, and Wolbachia.
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