Convergent evolution of chromosomal sex-determining regions in the animal and fungal kingdoms.

Convergent evolution of chromosomal sex-determining regions in the animal and fungal kingdoms.
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DOI:
10.1371/journal.pbio.0020384
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发表时间:
2004-12
期刊:
影响因子:
9.8
通讯作者:
Heitman J
Heitman J
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Fraser JA;Diezmann S;Subaran RL;Allen A;Lengeler KB;Dietrich FS;Heitman J

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性别认同由植物和动物的性染色体和真菌的交配型(MAT)基因座决定。对人类真菌病原体隐球菌的MAT基因座进行了比较分析,揭示了形成这一巨大而极不寻常的区域的一系列进化事件。我们假设MAT通过四个主要步骤进化,首先是获得两个不相连的性别决定区域的基因,形成独立的基因簇,然后通过染色体易位融合。一种过渡性的三极中间状态,然后通过连接的和未连接的性别决定区域之间的基因转换或重组而转变为双极系统。MAT随后经历了等位基因内和等位基因间的转换和逆转,从而抑制了重组。这些事件类似于塑造哺乳动物性染色体的那些事件,说明了动物和真菌王国中性别决定结构的趋同进化。对真菌性别决定区域的比较基因组分析表明,它的进化与形成哺乳动物性染色体的事件有显著的相似性。
Sexual identity is governed by sex chromosomes in plants and animals, and by mating type (MAT) loci in fungi. Comparative analysis of the MAT locus from a species cluster of the human fungal pathogen Cryptococcus revealed sequential evolutionary events that fashioned this large, highly unusual region. We hypothesize that MAT evolved via four main steps, beginning with acquisition of genes into two unlinked sex-determining regions, forming independent gene clusters that then fused via chromosomal translocation. A transitional tripolar intermediate state then converted to a bipolar system via gene conversion or recombination between the linked and unlinked sex-determining regions. MAT was subsequently subjected to intra- and interallelic gene conversion and inversions that suppress recombination. These events resemble those that shaped mammalian sex chromosomes, illustrating convergent evolution in sex-determining structures in the animal and fungal kingdoms. A comparative genomic analysis of the sex determining region in fungi reveals a remarkable similarity between its evolution and the events which shaped mammalian sex chromosomes
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