Surrogate broodstock to enhance biotechnology research and applications in aquaculture.
Surrogate broodstock to enhance biotechnology research and applications in aquaculture.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biotechadv.2021.107756
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发表时间：
2021-07
影响因子：
16
通讯作者：
Houston RD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jin YH;Robledo D;Hickey JM;McGrew MJ;Houston RD
水产养殖在满足全球海产品需求方面发挥着越来越重要的作用，特别是在低收入和中等收入国家。水产养殖物种的遗传改良在帮助实现这一目标方面具有重大的未开发潜力，选择性育种和基因组编辑为加快这一进程提供了令人兴奋的途径。然而，这些育种和编辑方法的局限性包括许多鱼类的长世代间隔，以及在商业生产中应用基因组编辑的技术和监管障碍。代孕亲本技术有助于在代孕亲本中产生供体来源的配子，并将供体的生殖细胞移植到已绝育的受体中。在鱼类中有许多种内和种间生殖细胞转移和产生可存活后代的成功例子，这为解决上述限制提供了新的机会。首先，代孕亲代技术通过使用培养的生殖细胞提高了改进基因组编辑的机会，减少嵌合现象，并可能在代孕父母的后代中进行体内CRISPR筛选。其次，该技术在保护水生遗传资源和促进高价值物种的繁殖方面具有针对性的应用，否则难以圈养。第三，它有可能大大缩短水产养殖育种方案的有效世代间隔，加快遗传增益的速度。最后，它为传播量身定制的、可能经过基因组编辑的、对农业具有高遗传价值的生产动物提供了新的机会。本文综述了代亲鱼技术的研究现状，并对其在研究和生产中的应用进行了展望。基因组学、基因组编辑和生殖技术的整合和协同作用在未来几十年具有加速水产养殖物种遗传增益的巨大潜力。水产养殖物种的遗传改良对全球粮食安全具有重要作用。生物技术的进步为支持水产养殖提供了新的机会。生物技术的进步为支持水产养殖提供了新的机会。供体来源的配子可以从几种水产养殖物种的代理亲鱼中产生。代亲鱼技术为基因组编辑的应用提供了新的机遇。替代亲本可以加速遗传增益，促进优良种质的传播。
Aquaculture is playing an increasingly important role in meeting global demands for seafood, particularly in low and middle income countries. Genetic improvement of aquaculture species has major untapped potential to help achieve this, with selective breeding and genome editing offering exciting avenues to expedite this process. However, limitations to these breeding and editing approaches include long generation intervals of many fish species, alongside both technical and regulatory barriers to the application of genome editing in commercial production. Surrogate broodstock technology facilitates the production of donor-derived gametes in surrogate parents, and comprises transplantation of germ cells of donors into sterilised recipients. There are many successful examples of intra- and inter-species germ cell transfer and production of viable offspring in finfish, and this leads to new opportunities to address the aforementioned limitations. Firstly, surrogate broodstock technology raises the opportunity to improve genome editing via the use of cultured germ cells, to reduce mosaicism and potentially enable in vivo CRISPR screens in the progeny of surrogate parents. Secondly, the technology has pertinent applications in preservation of aquatic genetic resources, and in facilitating breeding of high-value species which are otherwise difficult to rear in captivity. Thirdly, it holds potential to drastically reduce the effective generation interval in aquaculture breeding programmes, expediting the rate of genetic gain. Finally, it provides new opportunities for dissemination of tailored, potentially genome edited, production animals of high genetic merit for farming. This review focuses on the state-of-the-art of surrogate broodstock technology, and discusses the next steps for its applications in research and production. The integration and synergy of genomics, genome editing, and reproductive technologies have exceptional potential to expedite genetic gain in aquaculture species in the coming decades. Genetic improvement in aquaculture species has a major role in global food security. Advances in biotechnology provide new opportunities to support aquaculture breeding. Advances in biotechnology provide new opportunities to support aquaculture breeding. Donor-derived gametes can be produced from surrogate broodstock of several aquaculture species. Surrogate broodstock technology provides new opportunities for application of genome editing. Surrogate broodstock can accelerate genetic gain, and improve dissemination of elite germplasm.
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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作者：
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