Obesity and respiratory infections: does excess adiposity weigh down host defense?
Obesity and respiratory infections: does excess adiposity weigh down host defense?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.pupt.2012.04.006
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发表时间：
2013-08
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Mancuso P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mancuso P
在过去的30年里，美国和其他发达国家的超重和肥胖人数急剧增加。虽然II型糖尿病和心血管疾病是公认的与肥胖相关的共病，但最近的报告表明，在2009年H1N1大流行期间，由于流感，肥胖患者的疾病严重程度更高。与这些报告一致，饮食诱导的肥胖已显示在流感感染的鼠模型中损害抗病毒宿主防御。然而，肥胖对人类患者社区获得性肺炎和医院获得性肺炎风险的影响尚不清楚。相对较少的研究已经评估了饮食诱导的肥胖在呼吸道细菌感染的小鼠模型中的影响。肥胖的瘦素缺乏的人和瘦素和瘦素受体缺乏的小鼠表现出更大的易感性，呼吸道感染，这表明肺先天性和适应性免疫反应的感染需要瘦素。与这些研究相反，我们观察到肥胖的瘦素受体信号传导突变小鼠对肺炎球菌肺炎具有抵抗力，这凸显了瘦素受体信号传导与免疫功能之间复杂的相互作用。鉴于肥胖的患病率增加和肥胖个体对流感疫苗接种的反应性差，有必要为这一人群开发新的免疫策略。需要更多的临床和动物研究来阐明肥胖增加与社区获得性和医院获得性肺炎易感性之间的关系。
The number of overweight and obese individuals has dramatically increased in the US and other developed nations during the past 30 years. While type II diabetes and cardiovascular disease are well recognized co-morbid conditions associated with obesity, recent reports have demonstrated a greater severity of illness in obese patients due to influenza during the 2009 H1N1 pandemic. Consistent with these reports, diet-induced obesity has been shown to impair anti-viral host defense in murine models of influenza infection. However, the impact of obesity on the risk of community-acquired and nosocomial pneumonia in human patients is not clear. Relatively few studies have evaluated the influence of diet-induced obesity in murine models of bacterial infections of the respiratory tract. Obese leptin deficient humans and leptin and leptin-receptor deficient mice exhibit greater susceptibility to respiratory infections suggesting a requirement for leptin in the pulmonary innate and adaptive immune response to infection. In contrast to these studies, we have observed that obese leptin receptor signaling mutant mice are resistant to pneumococcal pneumonia highlighting the complex interaction between leptin receptor signaling and immune function. Given the increased prevalence of obesity and poor responsiveness of obese individuals to vaccination against influenza, the development of novel immunization strategies for this population is warranted. Additional clinical and animal studies are needed to clarify the relationship between increased adiposity and susceptibility to community-acquired and nosocomial pneumonia.
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影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Fernández-Riejos P;Najib S;Santos-Alvarez J;Martín-Romero C;Pérez-Pérez A;González-Yanes C;Sánchez-Margalet V
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