Selective constraints on global plankton dispersal.
Selective constraints on global plankton dispersal.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.2007388118
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发表时间：
2021-03-09
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Young CR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ward BA;Cael BB;Collins S;Young CR
微型浮游生物构成了几乎所有海洋生态系统的生态和生物地球化学基础。在流动的海洋环境中，生物多样性和群落结构是由局部选择和全球扩散之间缺乏约束的平衡决定的。虽然洋流具有快速连接遥远地点的能力，但我们使用数值模拟表明，人口需要极高的适应速度才能穿越温度等环境变量的大范围梯度。改变我们模拟中假设的选择、适应和扩散的平衡对模拟的群落结构产生了显著的影响，解释了全球海洋微生物群的出现模式，并强调了进化史在全球海洋生物多样性和生物地理学中的重要性。海洋微生物群落是由生态漂移、自然选择和扩散形成的高度相互关联的有机体组合。这些力量的相对强度决定了生态系统如何对环境梯度做出反应，在任何给定时间一个社区或种群中存在着多少多样性，以及种群如何重组和进化以应对环境扰动。在这项研究中，我们引入了一个全球分辨的种群-遗传海洋模型，以检验扩散、选择和适应性进化的相互作用及其对群落组装和全球生物地理的影响。我们发现，环境选择对全球扩散造成了强烈的限制，即使面对极高的假定适应速度。在模型中，改变扩散、选择和适应的相对强度对群落聚集有显著影响，并表明扩散障碍在海洋群落的结构、增强全球生物多样性和当地历史偶发事件的重要性中发挥着关键作用。
Microscopic plankton form the ecological and biogeochemical foundation of almost all marine ecosystems. In the fluid ocean environment, biodiversity and community structure are determined by the poorly constrained balance of local selection and global dispersal. While ocean currents have the capacity to rapidly connect distant locations, we use numerical simulations to show that extremely high rates of adaptation are required for populations to traverse large-scale gradients in environmental variables such as temperature. Changing the assumed balance of selection, adaptation, and dispersal in our simulations has pronounced effects on the simulated community structure, accounting for emergent patterns in the global ocean microbiome and emphasizing the importance of evolutionary history in global marine biodiversity and biogeography. Marine microbial communities are highly interconnected assemblages of organisms shaped by ecological drift, natural selection, and dispersal. The relative strength of these forces determines how ecosystems respond to environmental gradients, how much diversity is resident in a community or population at any given time, and how populations reorganize and evolve in response to environmental perturbations. In this study, we introduce a globally resolved population–genetic ocean model in order to examine the interplay of dispersal, selection, and adaptive evolution and their effects on community assembly and global biogeography. We find that environmental selection places strong constraints on global dispersal, even in the face of extremely high assumed rates of adaptation. Changing the relative strengths of dispersal, selection, and adaptation has pronounced effects on community assembly in the model and suggests that barriers to dispersal play a key role in the structuring of marine communities, enhancing global biodiversity and the importance of local historical contingencies.
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发表时间：
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
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