Poor ability to resist tempting calorie rich food is linked to altered balance between neural systems involved in urge and self-control.
Poor ability to resist tempting calorie rich food is linked to altered balance between neural systems involved in urge and self-control.
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DOI：
10.1186/1475-2891-13-92
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发表时间：
2014-09-16
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Bechara A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
He Q;Xiao L;Xue G;Wong S;Ames SL;Schembre SM;Bechara A
自我控制能力的丧失或无法抵抗诱人/奖励食物的能力，以及不太健康的饮食习惯的养成，可以用三个关键神经系统来解释：(1)由外部奖励线索驱动的高功能纹状体系统；(2)功能低下的决策和冲动控制系统；以及(3)参与将自我平衡和内感信号转化为自我意识和主观感受的改变的脑岛系统。目前的研究使用功能磁共振成像(FMRI)检测了当受试者接触到高卡路里和低卡路里食物的图像时，其中两个神经系统的活动，并将这种活动与饮食摄入量联系起来，通过24小时回忆进行评估。30名青年(平均体重指数 = 23.1 kg/m2，范围 = 19.1-33.7；年龄=19.7岁，范围 = 14-22)在执行食物特异性GO/NOGO任务时使用功能磁共振成像进行扫描。在行为上，当围棋试验由高卡路里食物线索组成(HGO任务)时，参与者更容易按下响应按钮(HGO任务)，而当围棋试验由低卡路里食物线索组成时(LGO任务)，参与者不太容易按下响应按钮。对于体重指数较高的人和据报道消费更多高卡路里食物的人来说，这种对高卡路里食物提示的习惯性反应更大。对于BMI较高的人和据报道消费更多高卡路里食物的人来说，对高卡路里食物提示的反应抑制是最困难的。功能磁共振成像结果证实了我们的假设：(1)在GO试验中，“习惯性”系统(右侧纹状体)比低卡路里食物GO试验中更活跃，其活动与参与者的BMI以及他们对高卡路里食物的摄入量相关；(2)在NOGO试验中，前额叶系统比GO试验更活跃，这一活动与BMI和高卡路里食物摄入量呈负相关。使用横截面设计，我们的发现有助于加深对一个人在面对诱人的食物暗示时失去自控能力的神经基础的理解。尽管该设计不允许推断奖赏区域的抑制性控制缺陷和高反应性是暴饮暴食的个体脆弱因素，还是习惯性暴饮暴食的结果。本文的在线版本(DOI：10.1186/14752891-13-92)包含补充材料，授权用户可以使用。
The loss of self-control or inability to resist tempting/rewarding foods, and the development of less healthful eating habits may be explained by three key neural systems: (1) a hyper-functioning striatum system driven by external rewarding cues; (2) a hypo-functioning decision-making and impulse control system; and (3) an altered insula system involved in the translation of homeostatic and interoceptive signals into self-awareness and what may be subjectively experienced as a feeling. The present study examined the activity within two of these neural systems when subjects were exposed to images of high-calorie versus low-calorie foods using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and related this activity to dietary intake, assessed by 24-hour recall. Thirty youth (mean BMI = 23.1 kg/m2, range = 19.1 - 33.7; age =19.7 years, range = 14 - 22) were scanned using fMRI while performing food-specific go/nogo tasks. Behaviorally, participants more readily pressed a response button when go trials consisted of high-calorie food cues (HGo task) and less readily pressed the response button when go trials consisted of low-calorie food cues (LGo task). This habitual response to high-calorie food cues was greater for individuals with higher BMI and individuals who reportedly consume more high-calorie foods. Response inhibition to the high-calorie food cues was most difficult for individuals with a higher BMI and individuals who reportedly consume more high-calorie foods. fMRI results confirmed our hypotheses that (1) the "habitual" system (right striatum) was more activated in response to high-calorie food cues during the go trials than low-calorie food go trials, and its activity correlated with participants’ BMI, as well as their consumption of high-calorie foods; (2) the prefrontal system was more active in nogo trials than go trials, and this activity was inversely correlated with BMI and high-calorie food consumption. Using a cross-sectional design, our findings help increase understanding of the neural basis of one’s loss of ability to self-control when faced with tempting food cues. Though the design does not permit inferences regarding whether the inhibitory control deficits and hyper-responsivity of reward regions are individual vulnerability factors for overeating, or the results of habitual overeating. The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1475-2891-13-92) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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影响因子：
1.1
作者：
Bechara, A;Damasio, AR
通讯作者：
Damasio, AR
影响因子：
5.7
作者：
Beckmann, CF;Jenkinson, M;Smith, SM
通讯作者：
Smith, SM
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Davis, Caroline;Patte, Karen;Reid, Caroline
通讯作者：
Reid, Caroline
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Ames, Susan L.;Grenard, Jerry L.;Stacy, Alan W.;Xiao, Lin;He, Qinghua;Wong, Savio W.;Xue, Gui;Wiers, Reinout W.;Bechara, Antoine
通讯作者：
Bechara, Antoine
影响因子：
5.1
作者：
Bruce, Amanda S.;Lepping, Rebecca J.;Savage, Cary R.
通讯作者：
Savage, Cary R.