Cell cycle control and seed development.

Cell cycle control and seed development.
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DOI:
10.3389/fpls.2014.00493
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发表时间:
2014
影响因子:
5.6
通讯作者:
Sabelli PA
Sabelli PA
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Dante RA;Larkins BA;Sabelli PA

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种子发育是一个复杂的过程,需要许多遗传、代谢和生理途径以及环境因素的协调整合。不同的细胞周期类型,如不对称细胞分裂,细胞分裂,有丝分裂和核内复制,经常发生在胚胎和胚乳,种子结构,都是双受精的产物发育过程中的顺序,但重叠的方式。胚胎中的不对称细胞分裂产生具有不同细胞命运的极化子细胞。虽然核和细胞分裂周期在决定最终种子细胞数量中起关键作用,但核内复制通常与细胞扩大和储存代谢物积累等过程相关,这些过程是不同种子隔室的细胞分化和生长的基础。本文综述了种子发育过程中不同细胞周期机制及其对种子组织生长、发育和功能的影响。特别是,核心细胞周期调节因子,如细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶及其抑制剂,视网膜母细胞瘤相关/E2 F途径和蛋白酶体泛素系统的作用,讨论了不同的细胞周期类型的背景下,表征种子的发展。本文还讨论了核和细胞增殖周期以及核内复制对胚乳发育的贡献。
Seed development is a complex process that requires coordinated integration of many genetic, metabolic, and physiological pathways and environmental cues. Different cell cycle types, such as asymmetric cell division, acytokinetic mitosis, mitotic cell division, and endoreduplication, frequently occur in sequential yet overlapping manner during the development of the embryo and the endosperm, seed structures that are both products of double fertilization. Asymmetric cell divisions in the embryo generate polarized daughter cells with different cell fates. While nuclear and cell division cycles play a key role in determining final seed cell numbers, endoreduplication is often associated with processes such as cell enlargement and accumulation of storage metabolites that underlie cell differentiation and growth of the different seed compartments. This review focuses on recent advances in our understanding of different cell cycle mechanisms operating during seed development and their impact on the growth, development, and function of seed tissues. Particularly, the roles of core cell cycle regulators, such as cyclin-dependent-kinases and their inhibitors, the Retinoblastoma-Related/E2F pathway and the proteasome-ubiquitin system, are discussed in the contexts of different cell cycle types that characterize seed development. The contributions of nuclear and cellular proliferative cycles and endoreduplication to cereal endosperm development are also discussed.
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