Lack of phenological shift leads to increased camouflage mismatch in mountain hares

Lack of phenological shift leads to increased camouflage mismatch in mountain hares
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缺乏物候转变导致山兔伪装不匹配的增加

DOI:
10.1098/rspb.2020.1786
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Mills, L. Scott
Mills, L. Scott
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zimova, Marketa;Giery, Sean T.;Newey, Scott;Nowak, J. Joshua;Spencer, Michael;Mills, L. Scott

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了解生物体是否能够适应目前危及其生存的人类引起的压力是一个紧迫的优先事项。在全球范围内,多个物种从黑暗的夏季换羽到白色冬季外套,以保持对雪地景观的伪装。由于气候变化,积雪覆盖时间减少,季节性伪装的不匹配程度增加。为了直接测试适应性反应,最近的变化,积雪覆盖,我们重复了历史(20世纪50年代)在苏格兰的山野兔(Lepus timidus)换羽物候的实地研究。我们发现很少有证据表明,人口换羽物候已转向调整季节性毛色与较短的雪季,或表型可塑性防止增加伪装不匹配。由于缺乏回应,导致1950年至2016年之间的不匹配时间增加了35天。我们强调弱定向选择压力和低遗传变异性的潜在作用,在塑造范围的适应性反应,人为的压力。
Understanding whether organisms will be able to adapt to human-induced stressors currently endangering their existence is an urgent priority. Globally, multiple species moult from a dark summer to white winter coat to maintain camouflage against snowy landscapes. Decreasing snow cover duration owing to climate change is increasing mismatch in seasonal camouflage. To directly test for adaptive responses to recent changes in snow cover, we repeated historical (1950s) field studies of moult phenology in mountain hares (Lepus timidus) in Scotland. We found little evidence that population moult phenology has shifted to align seasonal coat colour with shorter snow seasons, or that phenotypic plasticity prevented increases in camouflage mismatch. The lack of responses resulted in 35 additional days of mismatch between 1950 and 2016. We emphasize the potential role of weak directional selection pressure and low genetic variability in shaping the scope for adaptive responses to anthropogenic stressors.
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