Glyphosate biomonitoring for farmers and their families: results from the Farm Family Exposure Study.
Glyphosate biomonitoring for farmers and their families: results from the Farm Family Exposure Study.
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针对农民及其家人的草甘膦生物监测：农场家庭暴露研究的结果。
DOI：
10.1289/ehp.6667
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发表时间：
2004-03
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Bleeke, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Acquavella, JF;Alexander, BH;Mandel, JS;Gustin, C;Baker, B;Chapman, P;Bleeke, M
草甘膦是Roundup农业除草剂和其他除草剂制剂的活性成分，广泛用于农业，林业和住宅杂草控制。作为农场家庭暴露研究的一部分，我们评估了48名农民，他们的配偶和他们的79名子女（4-18岁）的尿液草甘膦浓度。我们评估了24小时的复合尿液样本为每个家庭成员的前一天，当天，草甘膦应用后3天。60%的农民在施用当天的尿液中检测到草甘膦水平。几何平均（GM）浓度为3 ppb，最大值为233 ppb，最高估计全身剂量为0.004 mg/kg。不戴橡胶手套的农民尿液中的转基因浓度高于其他农民（10 ppb对2.0 ppb）。对于配偶，4%在申请当天的尿液中检测到水平。其最大值为3 ppb。对于儿童，12%的人在使用当天的尿液中可检测到草甘膦，最高浓度为29 ppb。除一名儿童外，所有浓度可检测的儿童都曾帮助使用或在除草剂混合、装载或使用期间在场。本研究中估计的全身剂量均未接近美国环境保护署草甘膦参考剂量2 mg/kg/天。尽管如此，最好尽量减少接触农药，这项研究确实确定了可以修改的具体做法，以减少接触的可能性。
Glyphosate is the active ingredient in Roundup agricultural herbicides and other herbicide formulations that are widely used for agricultural, forestry, and residential weed control. As part of the Farm Family Exposure Study, we evaluated urinary glyphosate concentrations for 48 farmers, their spouses, and their 79 children (4-18 years of age). We evaluated 24-hr composite urine samples for each family member the day before, the day of, and for 3 days after a glyphosate application. Sixty percent of farmers had detectable levels of glyphosate in their urine on the day of application. The geometric mean (GM) concentration was 3 ppb, the maximum value was 233 ppb, and the highest estimated systemic dose was 0.004 mg/kg. Farmers who did not use rubber gloves had higher GM urinary concentrations than did other farmers (10 ppb vs. 2.0 ppb). For spouses, 4% had detectable levels in their urine on the day of application. Their maximum value was 3 ppb. For children, 12% had detectable glyphosate in their urine on the day of application, with a maximum concentration of 29 ppb. All but one of the children with detectable concentrations had helped with the application or were present during herbicide mixing, loading, or application. None of the systemic doses estimated in this study approached the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency reference dose for glyphosate of 2 mg/kg/day. Nonetheless, it is advisable to minimize exposure to pesticides, and this study did identify specific practices that could be modified to reduce the potential for exposure.
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影响因子：
8.3
作者：
Alavanja, MCR;Sandler, DP;Blair, A
通讯作者：
Blair, A
DOI：
10.1016/0272-0590(91)90158-z
发表时间：
1991-05-01
期刊：
FUNDAMENTAL AND APPLIED TOXICOLOGY
影响因子：
--
作者：
WESTER, RC;MELENDRES, J;MAIBACH, HI
通讯作者：
MAIBACH, HI
影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Alavanja, MCR;Sandler, DP;Blair, A
通讯作者：
Blair, A
影响因子：
6.1
作者：
COWELL, JE;KUNSTMAN, JL;WILSON, GR
通讯作者：
WILSON, GR
影响因子：
4
作者：
LAVY, TL;COWELL, JE;MASSEY, JH
通讯作者：
MASSEY, JH