Brucellosis remains a neglected disease in the developing world: a call for interdisciplinary action.
Brucellosis remains a neglected disease in the developing world: a call for interdisciplinary action.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12889-017-5016-y
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发表时间：
2018-01-11
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Arenas-Gamboa AM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Franc KA;Krecek RC;Häsler BN;Arenas-Gamboa AM
布鲁氏菌病是一种流行于大多数发展中国家的人畜共患疾病，给畜牧业和小规模牲畜饲养者造成毁灭性损失。受感染的动物表现出对利益相关者具有经济意义的临床体征，包括生育力降低、流产、体重增加不良、吃水能力下降和产奶量大幅下降。在人类中，布鲁氏菌病通常表现为各种非特异性临床体征。慢性和反复发热的条件，以及毁灭性的并发症在孕妇是常见的后遗症。在布鲁氏菌病流行的地区，布鲁氏菌病对人类和动物都有深远的有害影响。根深蒂固的社会错误观念和对政府干预的恐惧导致这一疾病在大多数发展中世界继续蔓延，不受控制，从而限制了经济增长，阻碍了进入国际市场。牲畜生产力的损失损害了粮食安全，导致劳动一代的认知能力发生变化，影响到性别不平等的蔓延，并给牲畜受到影响的农民造成深刻的情感痛苦。艾滋病在人类身上的急性和慢性症状可导致大量工作日损失，并使受感染者及其家庭的社会经济地位下降，从而丧失收入。疾病对社会的负担包括诊断和治疗的重大人类医疗保健费用，以及非医疗保健费用，如减少疾病传播的公共教育工作。布鲁氏菌病给人类卫生保健系统带来了沉重的负担，并限制了个人、社区和国家的经济增长，而这种发展对减少贫困的流行尤为重要。迫切需要实施以减轻布鲁氏菌病对人类和动物群体的社会经济影响为重点的公共政策。在制定减轻相关后果的计划时，考虑抽象和可量化的影响至关重要。这需要采取跨学科和协作的办法，即“一个健康”办法，其中包括公共教育、发展兽医和医学领域疾病监测和报告的基础设施，以及开展牲畜和野生物种控制运动。
Brucellosis is an endemic zoonotic disease in most of the developing world that causes devastating losses to the livestock industry and small-scale livestock holders. Infected animals exhibit clinical signs that are of economic significance to stakeholders and include reduced fertility, abortion, poor weight gain, lost draught power, and a substantial decline in milk production. In humans, brucellosis typically manifests as a variety of non-specific clinical signs. Chronicity and recurring febrile conditions, as well as devastating complications in pregnant women are common sequelae. In regions where the disease is endemic, brucellosis has far-reaching and deleterious effects on humans and animals alike. Deeply entrenched social misconceptions and fear of government intervention contribute to this disease continuing to smolder unchecked in most of the developing world, thereby limiting economic growth and inhibiting access to international markets. The losses in livestock productivity compromise food security and lead to shifts in the cognitive competency of the working generation, influence the propagation of gender inequality, and cause profound emotional suffering in farmers whose herds are affected. The acute and chronic symptoms of the disease in humans can result in a significant loss of workdays and a decline in the socioeconomic status of infected persons and their families from the associated loss of income. The burden of the disease to society includes significant human healthcare costs for diagnosis and treatment, and non-healthcare costs such as public education efforts to reduce disease transmission. Brucellosis places significant burdens on the human healthcare system and limits the economic growth of individuals, communities, and nations where such development is especially important to diminish the prevalence of poverty. The implementation of public policy focused on mitigating the socioeconomic effects of brucellosis in human and animal populations is desperately needed. When developing a plan to mitigate the associated consequences, it is vital to consider both the abstract and quantifiable effects. This requires an interdisciplinary and collaborative, or One Health, approach that consists of public education, the development of an infrastructure for disease surveillance and reporting in both veterinary and medical fields, and campaigns for control in livestock and wildlife species.
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