Directed forgetting and directed remembering in visual working memory.
Directed forgetting and directed remembering in visual working memory.
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DOI：
10.1037/a0027389
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发表时间：
2012-09
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Woodman, Geoffrey F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Williams, Melonie;Woodman, Geoffrey F.
视觉工作记忆的一个显著特征是其容量有限。这意味着在视觉工作记忆中只保留最相关的信息至关重要。然而，实证研究是混合的，是否有可能选择性地保持一个子集的信息先前编码到视觉工作记忆。在这里，我们研究了受试者使用线索来忘记或记住已经存储在视觉工作记忆中的信息子集的能力。在实验1中，参与者被提示在变化检测任务期间忘记或记住两组彩色正方形中的一组。我们发现，这两种类型的线索辅助性能的视觉工作记忆任务，但观察者受益于线索记住比线索忘记一个子集的对象。在实验2中，我们表明，以前的研究结果，这表明，定向遗忘线索是无效的，可能是由于存在无效的线索，似乎导致观察者忽视这些线索不可靠。在实验3中，我们记录了事件相关电位（ERPs），并表明，一个电生理指标的重点维护引起的线索，表明在视觉工作记忆中的信息的子集需要记住，排除了其他解释的保留间隔线索的行为影响。本研究结果表明，观察者可以集中在视觉工作记忆中的特定对象的线索，指示未来的任务相关性的维护机制。
A defining characteristic of visual working memory is its limited capacity. This means that it is crucial to maintain only the most relevant information in visual working memory. However, empirical research is mixed as to whether it is possible to selectively maintain a subset of the information previously encoded into visual working memory. Here we examined the ability of subjects to use cues to either forget or remember a subset of the information already stored in visual working memory. In Experiment 1, participants were cued to either forget or remember one of two groups of colored squares during a change-detection task. We found that both types of cues aided performance in the visual working memory task, but that observers benefited more from a cue to remember than a cue to forget a subset of the objects. In Experiment 2, we show that the previous findings, which indicated that directed-forgetting cues are ineffective, were likely due to the presence of invalid cues that appear to cause observers to disregard such cues as unreliable. In Experiment 3, we recorded event-related potentials (ERPs) and show that an electrophysiological index of focused maintenance is elicited by cues that indicate which subset of information in visual working memory needs to be remembered, ruling out alternative explanations of the behavioral effects of retention-interval cues. The present findings demonstrate that observers can focus maintenance mechanisms on specific objects in visual working memory based on cues indicating future task relevance.
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影响因子：
1.7
作者：
BROWN, J
通讯作者：
BROWN, J
影响因子：
4
作者：
Lee, Yuh-shiow;Lee, Huang-mou;Tsai, Sheng-hsiung
通讯作者：
Tsai, Sheng-hsiung
DOI：
10.3758/bf03212215
发表时间：
1991-08-01
期刊：
PERCEPTION & PSYCHOPHYSICS
影响因子：
--
作者：
ANKRUM, C;PALMER, J
通讯作者：
PALMER, J
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Landman, R;Spekreijse, H;Lamme, VAF
通讯作者：
Lamme, VAF
DOI：
10.1037/a0015019
发表时间：
2009-08
期刊：
Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance
影响因子：
--
作者：
Hyun JS;Woodman GF;Vogel EK;Hollingworth A;Luck SJ
通讯作者：
Luck SJ