Ephrin regulation of synapse formation, function and plasticity.
Ephrin regulation of synapse formation, function and plasticity.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.mcn.2012.03.004
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发表时间：
2012-05
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Dalva MB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hruska M;Dalva MB
突触使信息能够在神经回路中传递，并允许大脑根据经验做出反应。在过去的十年中，已经发现了许多可以诱导突触形成的蛋白质。许多这些突触诱导剂依赖于跨突触细胞间的相互作用来产生功能性接触。此外，现在的证据表明，在发育早期调节突触形成的相同蛋白质可能有助于维持和/或调节成熟突触的功能和可塑性。一组影响突触发育和成熟功能的受体和配体是Eph受体（产生红细胞生成素的人肝癌细胞系）及其表面相关配体ephrins （Eph家族受体相互作用蛋白）。Ephs可以启动新的突触接触，招募和稳定新生突触中的谷氨酸受体，并调节树突棘形态。最近的证据表明，ephrin配体在突触中也起着重要作用。Eph受体激活ephrin可诱导突触形成和脊柱形态发生，而在成熟神经系统中，ephrin信号传导调节突触功能和突触强度的长期变化。本文就ephrin在突触前和突触后分化、突触发育、功能和可塑性等方面的研究进展作一综述。
Synapses enable the transmission of information within neural circuits and allow the brain to change in response to experience. During the last decade numerous proteins that can induce synapse formation have been identified. Many of these synaptic inducers rely on trans-synaptic cell–cell interactions to generate functional contacts. Moreover, evidence now suggests that the same proteins that function early in development to regulate synapse formation may help to maintain and/or regulate the function and plasticity of mature synapses. One set of receptors and ligands that appear to impact both the development and the mature function of synapses are Eph receptors (erythropoietin-producing human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line) and their surface associated ligands, ephrins (Eph family receptor interacting proteins). Ephs can initiate new synaptic contacts, recruit and stabilize glutamate receptors at nascent synapses and regulate dendritic spine morphology. Recent evidence demonstrates that ephrin ligands also play major roles at synapses. Activation of ephrins by Eph receptors can induce synapse formation and spine morphogenesis, whereas in the mature nervous system ephrin signaling modulates synaptic function and long-term changes in synaptic strength. In this review we will summarize the recent progress in understanding the role of ephrins in presynaptic and postsynaptic differentiation, and synapse development, function and plasticity.
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