Fitness correlates of blubber oxidative stress and cellular defences in grey seals (Halichoerus grypus): support for the life-history-oxidative stress theory from an animal model of simultaneous lactation and fasting.
Fitness correlates of blubber oxidative stress and cellular defences in grey seals (Halichoerus grypus): support for the life-history-oxidative stress theory from an animal model of simultaneous lactation and fasting.
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DOI：
10.1007/s12192-023-01332-1
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发表时间：
2023-09
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Bennett, Kimberley A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Armstrong, Holly C.;Russell, Debbie J. F.;Moss, Simon E. W.;Pomeroy, Paddy;Bennett, Kimberley A.
生活史-氧化应激理论预测，繁殖过程中的能量消耗增加减少了对防御的分配，增加了细胞应激，从而导致健身后果，特别是在资源有限的情况下。作为资本的孕育者，灰海豹是检验这一理论的自然系统。我们研究了哺乳期禁食（n = 17）和夏季觅食（n = 13）期间野生雌性灰海豹鲸脂中的氧化损伤（丙二醛（MDA）浓度）和细胞防御（热休克蛋白（Hsps）和氧化还原酶（RE）的相对mRNA丰度）。Hsc 70的转录丰度增加，而Nox 4，一种促氧化酶，在整个哺乳期下降。觅食的女性有较高的mRNA丰度的一些热休克蛋白和较低的RE转录丰度和MDA浓度，这表明他们经历了较低的氧化应激比哺乳期的母亲，这转移资源到幼崽饲养的鲸脂组织损伤的代价。哺乳时间和母体质量损失率均与仔鼠断奶质量呈正相关。在哺乳早期，母亲的鲸脂谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶（GST）表达较高的幼崽体重增加得更慢。较高的谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）和较低的过氧化氢酶（CAT）与较长的哺乳期，但降低母体转移效率和较低的幼崽断奶质量。细胞压力，并能够安装有效的细胞防御，可以禁止哺乳策略在灰海豹母亲，从而影响幼崽的生存概率。这些数据支持的生活史氧化应激假说在资本繁殖哺乳动物，并建议哺乳期是一个时期的高度脆弱性的环境因素，加剧细胞应激。因此，在环境迅速变化的时期，压力的健身后果可能会加重。在线版本包含补充材料，可通过10.1007/s12192-023-01332-1获得。
Life-history-oxidative stress theory predicts that elevated energy costs during reproduction reduce allocation to defences and increase cellular stress, with fitness consequences, particularly when resources are limited. As capital breeders, grey seals are a natural system in which to test this theory. We investigated oxidative damage (malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration) and cellular defences (relative mRNA abundance of heat shock proteins (Hsps) and redox enzymes (REs)) in blubber of wild female grey seals during the lactation fast (n = 17) and summer foraging (n = 13). Transcript abundance of Hsc70 increased, and Nox4, a pro-oxidant enzyme, decreased throughout lactation. Foraging females had higher mRNA abundance of some Hsps and lower RE transcript abundance and MDA concentrations, suggesting they experienced lower oxidative stress than lactating mothers, which diverted resources into pup rearing at the expense of blubber tissue damage. Lactation duration and maternal mass loss rate were both positively related to pup weaning mass. Pups whose mothers had higher blubber glutathione-S-transferase (GST) expression at early lactation gained mass more slowly. Higher glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and lower catalase (CAT) were associated with longer lactation but reduced maternal transfer efficiency and lower pup weaning mass. Cellular stress, and the ability to mount effective cellular defences, could proscribe lactation strategy in grey seal mothers and thus affect pup survival probability. These data support the life-history-oxidative stress hypothesis in a capital breeding mammal and suggest lactation is a period of heightened vulnerability to environmental factors that exacerbate cellular stress. Fitness consequences of stress may thus be accentuated during periods of rapid environmental change. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12192-023-01332-1.
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