Grounding the neurobiology of language in first principles: The necessity of non-language-centric explanations for language comprehension.
Grounding the neurobiology of language in first principles: The necessity of non-language-centric explanations for language comprehension.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.cognition.2018.06.018
复制
发表时间：
2018-11
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Willems RM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hasson U;Egidi G;Marelli M;Willems RM
近几十年来，在理解语言的神经基础方面取得了巨大的进展。然而，我们目前对语言和大脑的大部分知识都来自实验室实验，这些实验与日常语言使用相去甚远，并且受到语言学和心理语言学背景下的问题的启发。在本文中，我们认为，为了取得进展，该领域需要将重点转移到理解自然主义语言理解的神经生物学。我们在这里提出了一个新的概念框架来理解语言理解的神经生物学组织。这个框架是非语言为中心的计算/神经生物学结构，它确定，并强烈关注上下文。我们的核心论点解决了三个一般性问题：（i）将以语言为中心的解释扩展到语篇的困难;（ii）将语境作为一个严肃的研究主题的必要性，正式建模，并承认在语境之外研究语言理解时外部效度的局限性;以及（iii）语言网络作为解释性结构的脆弱地位。我们认为，采用这一框架意味着语言的神经生物学研究将不太集中于确定大脑活动模式和心理语言学理论假设的机制之间的相关性。相反，他们将减少自我指涉，并越来越倾向于将语言与其他认知系统整合，最终对语言的神经生物学组织以及它如何支持日常生活中使用的语言做出更多的公正。
Recent decades have ushered in tremendous progress in understanding the neural basis of language. Most of our current knowledge on language and the brain, however, is derived from lab-based experiments that are far removed from everyday language use, and that are inspired by questions originating in linguistic and psycholinguistic contexts. In this paper we argue that in order to make progress, the field needs to shift its focus to understanding the neurobiology of naturalistic language comprehension. We present here a new conceptual framework for understanding the neurobiological organization of language comprehension. This framework is non-language-centered in the computational/neurobiological constructs it identifies, and focuses strongly on context. Our core arguments address three general issues: (i) the difficulty in extending language-centric explanations to discourse; (ii) the necessity of taking context as a serious topic of study, modeling it formally and acknowledging the limitations on external validity when studying language comprehension outside context; and (iii) the tenuous status of the language network as an explanatory construct. We argue that adopting this framework means that neurobiological studies of language will be less focused on identifying correlations between brain activity patterns and mechanisms postulated by psycholinguistic theories. Instead, they will be less self-referential and increasingly more inclined towards integration of language with other cognitive systems, ultimately doing more justice to the neurobiological organization of language and how it supports language as it is used in everyday life.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Alday, Phillip M.;Schlesewsky, Matthias;Bornkessel-Schlesewsky, Ina
通讯作者：
Bornkessel-Schlesewsky, Ina
影响因子：
5.7
作者：
Andric M;Hasson U
通讯作者：
Hasson U
影响因子：
3
作者：
Andrews, Mark;Frank, Stefan;Vigliocco, Gabriella
通讯作者：
Vigliocco, Gabriella
影响因子：
29.3
作者：
Anderson, Michael L.
通讯作者：
Anderson, Michael L.
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
ALTMANN, G;STEEDMAN, M
通讯作者：
STEEDMAN, M