Effect of Long-Term Nitrogen and Phosphorus Additions on Understory Plant Nutrients in a Primary Tropical Forest
Effect of Long-Term Nitrogen and Phosphorus Additions on Understory Plant Nutrients in a Primary Tropical Forest
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长期添加氮和磷对热带原始林林下植物养分的影响
作者：
Qinggong Mao;Hao Chen;Cong Wang;Zongqing Pang;Jiangming Mo;Xiankai Lu
潮湿的热带森林通常具有富含氮但缺乏磷的特征。氮沉降的增加可能会导致热带森林中氮饱和并加剧磷限制。因此，建议添加磷来通过刺激氮循环来减轻氮沉积的负面影响。然而，人们对氮和磷供应变化对热带森林林下植物养分状况的影响知之甚少，而这对于预测养分循环紊乱的后果至关重要。我们在中国南方的原始林进行了为期 8 年的施肥试验，评估了七种林下物种的氮浓度、磷浓度和氮磷比对氮磷添加的响应。结果表明，氮添加对大多数物种的植物氮浓度、磷浓度和氮磷比没有影响。相反，添加磷显着增加了磷浓度，降低了氮磷比，但对植物氮浓度没有影响。磷浓度对磷添加的响应程度很大程度上取决于器官和物种的类型。增加的磷主要集中在细根和枝条上，而不是叶片上。裸子植物藤本植物 Gnetum montanum Markgr。叶面氮磷比 (~9.8) 特别低，并且比研究的其他物种对磷添加的反应更加敏感。这些结果表明，大多数植物的氮含量已饱和，但在原始热带森林中具有恢复磷的巨大潜力。氮沉降并不一定会加剧植物磷缺乏，添加磷也不会通过增加氮浓度来增加沉降氮的保留。从长远来看，由于物种特异性反应，磷输入可能会改变热带森林的群落组成。
Humid tropical forests are commonly characterized as N-rich but P-deficient. Increased N deposition may drive N saturation and aggravate P limitation in tropical forests. Thus, P addition is proposed to mitigate the negative effects of N deposition by stimulating N cycling. However, little is known regarding the effect of altered N and P supply on the nutrient status of understory plants in tropical forests, which is critical for predicting the consequences of disturbed nutrient cycles. We assessed the responses of N concentration, P concentration, and N:P ratios of seven understory species to N and P addition in an 8-year fertilization experiment in a primary forest in south China. The results showed that N addition had no effect on plant N concentration, P concentration, and N:P ratios for most species. In contrast, P addition significantly increased P concentration, and decreased N:P ratios but had no effect on plant N concentration. The magnitude of P concentration responses to P addition largely depended on the types of organs and species. The increased P was more concentrated in the fine roots and branches than in the leaves. The gymnospermous liana Gnetum montanum Markgr. had particularly lower foliar N: P (~9.8) and was much more responsive to P addition than the other species studied. These results indicate that most plants are saturated in N but have great potential to restore P in primary tropical forests. N deposition does not necessarily aggravate plant P deficiency, and P addition does not increase the retention of deposited N by increasing the N concentration. In the long term, P inputs may alter the community composition in tropical forests owing to species-specific responses.
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