Genome-Wide Identification of G Protein-Coupled Receptors in Ciliated Eukaryotes.

Genome-Wide Identification of G Protein-Coupled Receptors in Ciliated Eukaryotes.
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纤毛真核生物中 G 蛋白偶联受体的全基因组鉴定

DOI:
10.3390/ijms24043869
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发表时间:
2023-02-15
影响因子:
5.6
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
生物学2区
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--
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G蛋白偶联受体(GPCR)是最大的跨膜受体家族,在许多生理过程中发挥重要作用。纤毛虫作为原生动物的代表类群,其生殖方式、二态核型和极其多样化的细胞发生模式代表了真核细胞分化和进化的最高阶段。 GPCR 在纤毛虫中的报道很少。在这项研究中,我们在 24 种纤毛虫中鉴定出了 492 个 GPCR。根据现有的动物分类系统,纤毛虫中的GPCR可分为A、B、E、F四个科。大多数(377个成员)属于A科。不同纤毛虫的GPCR数量差异很大;异毛纲纤毛虫通常比其他纤毛虫具有更多的 GPCR。寄生或共生纤毛虫通常只有少量 GPCR。基因/基因组复制事件似乎在纤毛虫 GPCR 超家族的扩展中发挥着重要作用。纤毛虫中的 GPCR 显示了七种典型的域组织。直系同源组中的 GPCR 在所有纤毛动物中都很常见且保守。对模型纤毛虫嗜热四膜虫中这个保守直系同源组成员的基因表达分析表明,这些 GPCR 在纤毛虫的生命周期中发挥着重要作用。总之,本研究首次对纤毛虫 GPCR 进行全基因组全面鉴定,提高了我们对纤毛虫 GPCR 进化和功能的理解。
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest family of transmembrane receptors and play important roles in many physiological processes. As a representative group of protozoa, ciliates represent the highest stage of eukaryotic cell differentiation and evolution in terms of their reproductive mode, two-state karyotype, and extremely diverse cytogenesis patterns. GPCRs have been poorly reported in ciliates. In this study, we identified 492 GPCRs in 24 ciliates. Using the existing classification system for animals, GPCRs in ciliates can be assigned to four families, including families A, B, E, and F. Most (377 members) belong to family A. The number of GPCRs is extremely different in different ciliates; the Heterotrichea ciliates usually have more GPCRs than other ciliates. Parasitic or symbiotic ciliates usually have only a few GPCRs. Gene/genome duplication events seem to play important roles in the expansion of the GPCR superfamily in ciliates. GPCRs in ciliates displayed seven typical domain organizations. GPCRs in an ortholog group are common and conserved in all ciliates. The gene expression analysis of the members in this conserved ortholog group in the model ciliate, Tetrahymena thermophila, suggested that these GPCRs play important roles in the life cycle of ciliates. In summary, this study provides the first comprehensive genome-wide identification of GPCRs in ciliates, improving our understanding of the evolution and function of GPCR in ciliates.
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