Geminiviruses: a tale of a plasmid becoming a virus.

Geminiviruses: a tale of a plasmid becoming a virus.
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DOI:
10.1186/1471-2148-9-112
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发表时间:
2009-05-21
影响因子:
3.4
通讯作者:
Bamford DH
Bamford DH
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Krupovic M;Ravantti JJ;Bamford DH

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双生病毒(双生病毒科)是感染植物的小型单链 (ss) DNA 病毒。它们的病毒颗粒形态在已知的病毒世界中是独一无二的——两个不完整的 T = 1 二十面体连接在一起形成孪生颗粒。双生病毒利用滚环模式复制其基因组。双生病毒滚环复制起始蛋白 (RCR Reps) 的三个保守基序与革兰氏阳性细菌的质粒之间存在有限的序列相似性,这使得 Koonin 和 Ilyina 提出双生病毒源自细菌复制子。对各种 RCR Rep 的系统发育和聚类分析表明,双生病毒的 Rep 蛋白与植原体质粒上编码的 Rep 具有最近的共同祖先,植原体是在植物和昆虫细胞中复制的寄生无壁细菌,因此与双生病毒占据共同的生态位。卫星烟草坏死病毒的衣壳蛋白被发现是双生病毒衣壳蛋白同源性结构建模的最佳模板。所生成模型的良好立体化学质量表明,双生病毒衣壳蛋白与绝大多数感染二十面体植物的 ssRNA 病毒具有相同的结构折叠(病毒果冻卷)。我们提出了一种质粒到病毒的转变方案,其中植质质粒从植物RNA病毒中获得衣壳编码基因,从而产生双生病毒的祖先。
Geminiviruses (family Geminiviridae) are small single-stranded (ss) DNA viruses infecting plants. Their virion morphology is unique in the known viral world – two incomplete T = 1 icosahedra are joined together to form twinned particles. Geminiviruses utilize a rolling-circle mode to replicate their genomes. A limited sequence similarity between the three conserved motifs of the rolling-circle replication initiation proteins (RCR Reps) of geminiviruses and plasmids of Gram-positive bacteria allowed Koonin and Ilyina to propose that geminiviruses descend from bacterial replicons. Phylogenetic and clustering analyses of various RCR Reps suggest that Rep proteins of geminiviruses share a most recent common ancestor with Reps encoded on plasmids of phytoplasmas, parasitic wall-less bacteria replicating both in plant and insect cells and therefore occupying a common ecological niche with geminiviruses. Capsid protein of Satellite tobacco necrosis virus was found to be the best template for homology-based structural modeling of the geminiviral capsid protein. Good stereochemical quality of the generated models indicates that the geminiviral capsid protein shares the same structural fold, the viral jelly-roll, with the vast majority of icosahedral plant-infecting ssRNA viruses. We propose a plasmid-to-virus transition scenario, where a phytoplasmal plasmid acquired a capsid-coding gene from a plant RNA virus to give rise to the ancestor of geminiviruses.
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