Structural basis for sirtuin function: what we know and what we don't.

Structural basis for sirtuin function: what we know and what we don't.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.bbapap.2009.09.009
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发表时间:
2010-08
期刊:
Biochimica et biophysica acta
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Marmorstein R
Marmorstein R
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Sanders BD;Jackson B;Marmorstein R

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沉默调节蛋白(sirtuin,silent information regulator 2)是NAD+依赖性脱乙酰酶,参与多种生物过程,包括DNA调节、代谢和寿命。原型酵母Sir2p的同源物已经在所有三个生命界中被鉴定,而细菌和古细菌通常含有一到两个sirtuins,真核生物含有多个成员。Sirtuins的调节部分由细胞浓度的非竞争性抑制剂,烟酰胺,这些酶的几个合成调节剂已被确定。已测定了几种不同配体形式的沉默调节蛋白的X射线晶体结构。这些丰富的结构信息,以及相关的生化研究,为sirtuin蛋白的催化机制,底物特异性和抑制机制提供了重要的见解。未来的结构研究,以解决悬而未决的问题,在该领域的影响进行了讨论。
The sirtuin (silent information regulator 2) proteins are NAD+-dependent deacetylases that are implicated in diverse biological processes including DNA regulation, metabolism and longevity. Homologues of the prototypic yeast Sir2p have been identified in all three kingdoms of life, and while bacteria and archaea typically contain one to two sirtuins, eukaryotic organisms contain multiple members. Sirtuins are regulated in part by the cellular concentrations of the noncompetitive inhibitor, nicotinamide, and several synthetic modulators of these enzymes have been identified. The x-ray crystal structures of several sirtuin proteins in various liganded forms have been determined. This wealth of structural information, together with related biochemical studies, have provided important insights into the catalytic mechanism, substrate specificity, and inhibitory mechanism of sirtuin proteins. Implications for future structural studies to address outstanding questions in the field are also discussed.
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