The role of outcome expectations in the generation of the feedback-related negativity.
The role of outcome expectations in the generation of the feedback-related negativity.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-8986.2012.01490.x
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发表时间：
2013-02
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Allen JJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bismark AW;Hajcak G;Whitworth NM;Allen JJ
反馈相关负性（FRN）被认为反映了中脑多巴胺能奖励学习系统内的活动，当结果比预期更差时，观察到更大的 FRN 幅度。这种观点认为，FRN 是预测误差的神经活动编码索引，反映了可用于自适应改变未来表现的活动。然而，迄今为止未经检验的是这一观点的一个关键预测：当结果预期不允许发展时，FRN 不应出现以应对负面结果。目前的研究通过引发 FRN 在参与者选择条件下的获胜和失败反馈、参与者对计算机选择的观察以及批判性地在缺乏预测性选择提示的情况下简单地呈现获胜或失败反馈来测试这一假设。虽然在有时间形成预期的每种条件下都观察到了 FRN，但在没有足够时间形成预期的条件下没有观察到 FRN。这些结果为 FRN 起源的强化学习解释的未经检验但核心的原则提供了实证支持。
The Feedback-related Negativity (FRN) is thought to index activity within the midbrain dopaminergic reward-learning system, with larger FRN magnitudes observed when outcomes are worse than expected. This view holds that the FRN is an index of neural activity coding for prediction errors, and reflects activity that can be used to adaptively alter future performance. Untested to date, however, is a key prediction of this view: the FRN should not appear in response to negative outcomes when outcome expectations are not allowed to develop. The current study tests this assumption by eliciting FRNs to win and loss feedback in conditions of participant choice, participant observation of computer choice, and critically, simple presentation of win or loss feedback in the absence of a predictive choice cue. Whereas FRNs were observed in each of the conditions in which there was time for an expectation to develop, no FRN was observed in conditions without sufficient time for the development of an expectation. These results provide empirical support for an untested but central tenet of the reinforcement learning account of the genesis of the FRN.
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