The Various Roles of Fatty Acids.
The Various Roles of Fatty Acids.
复制标题
DOI：
10.3390/molecules23102583
复制
发表时间：
2018-10-09
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Caramujo MJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
de Carvalho CCCR;Caramujo MJ
脂质由一大群化学上不均匀的化合物组成。大多数化合物的结构中都含有脂肪酸（FA），这使得这些化合物成为研究从细胞到宏观组织水平的过程的合适工具。在FA的多种作用中，它们具有作为细胞膜“积木”磷脂成分的结构功能；作为中性脂质的一部分，FA作为细胞内的储存物质；和FA衍生物参与细胞信号传导。对脂肪酸及其代谢的研究在生物学、细菌学、生态学、人体营养与健康等诸多研究领域都具有重要意义。特定FA及其在细胞膜中的比例可作为生物标志物，用于鉴定生物体，研究细菌细胞对有毒化合物和环境条件的适应性，并揭示食物网的联系。本文综述了游离脂肪酸在原核生物和真核生物中的各种作用，并重点介绍了游离脂肪酸分析在阐明其生态机制方面的应用。我们简要介绍了FA的合成；分析了FA作为细胞膜特性调节剂的作用以及FA储存和供应细胞能量的能力；并考察了多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）的作用以及将其作为生物标志物的适用性。
Lipids comprise a large group of chemically heterogeneous compounds. The majority have fatty acids (FA) as part of their structure, making these compounds suitable tools to examine processes raging from cellular to macroscopic levels of organization. Among the multiple roles of FA, they have structural functions as constituents of phospholipids which are the “building blocks” of cell membranes; as part of neutral lipids FA serve as storage materials in cells; and FA derivatives are involved in cell signalling. Studies on FA and their metabolism are important in numerous research fields, including biology, bacteriology, ecology, human nutrition and health. Specific FA and their ratios in cellular membranes may be used as biomarkers to enable the identification of organisms, to study adaptation of bacterial cells to toxic compounds and environmental conditions and to disclose food web connections. In this review, we discuss the various roles of FA in prokaryotes and eukaryotes and highlight the application of FA analysis to elucidate ecological mechanisms. We briefly describe FA synthesis; analyse the role of FA as modulators of cell membrane properties and FA ability to store and supply energy to cells; and inspect the role of polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) and the suitability of using FA as biomarkers of organisms.
登录
查看更多内容
营养中的Docosahexaenoic酸信号脂肪组学：衰老，神经炎症，黄斑变性，阿尔茨海默氏症和其他神经退行性疾病的重要性。
影响因子：
8.9
作者：
Bazan NG;Molina MF;Gordon WC
通讯作者：
Gordon WC
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Barofsky, Alexandra;Pohnert, Georg
通讯作者：
Pohnert, Georg
影响因子：
3.9
作者：
Armstrong, VT;Brzustowicz, MR;Stillwell, W
通讯作者：
Stillwell, W
影响因子：
7.5
作者：
Barelli, Helene;Antonny, Bruno
通讯作者：
Antonny, Bruno
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Adolph, S;Poulet, SA;Pohnert, G
通讯作者：
Pohnert, G