The role of local protein synthesis and degradation in axon regeneration.

The role of local protein synthesis and degradation in axon regeneration.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.expneurol.2009.06.004
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发表时间:
2010-05
影响因子:
5.3
通讯作者:
Fawcett, James W.
Fawcett, James W.
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Gumy, Laura F.;Tan, Chin Lik;Fawcett, James W.

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在轴突再生轴突中,成功再生的第一步是生长锥的形成。这需要轴突发生各种动态形态和生化变化,包括许多新的细胞骨架、细胞表面和信号分子的出现。这些变化表明协调的复杂细胞过程被激活。最近的一项进展表明,一些轴突的再生能力取决于它们在损伤部位自主地从细胞体中局部合成新蛋白质并降解其他蛋白质的能力。还有一些事件涉及细胞骨架和其他分子的降解以及信号通路的激活,其中轴切术引起的钙变化可能是起始事件。未来的挑战将是了解这个复杂的过程网络如何相互作用,以便找到促进中枢神经系统轴突再生的治疗方法。
In axotomised regenerating axons, the first step toward successful regeneration is the formation of a growth cone. This requires a variety of dynamic morphological and biochemical changes in the axon, including the appearance of many new cytoskeletal, cell surface and signalling molecules. These changes suggest the activation of coordinated complex cellular processes. A recent development has been the demonstration that the regenerative ability of some axons depends on their capacity to locally synthesise new proteins and degrade others at the injury site autonomously from the cell body. There are also events involving the degradation of cytoskeletal and other molecules, and activation of signalling pathways, with axotomy-induced calcium changes probably being an initiating event. A future challenge will be to understand how this complex network of processes interacts in order to find therapeutic ways of promoting the regeneration of CNS axons.
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