Assessing the public's views in research ethics controversies: deliberative democracy and bioethics as natural allies.

Assessing the public's views in research ethics controversies: deliberative democracy and bioethics as natural allies.
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DOI:
10.1525/jer.2009.4.4.3
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发表时间:
2009-12
期刊:
Journal of empirical research on human research ethics : JERHRE
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
De Vries R
De Vries R
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kim SY;Wall IF;Stanczyk A;De Vries R

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在自由民主国家,有关伦理争议(包括研究伦理方面的争议)的政策决策应纳入公民的意见。征求知情且经过深思熟虑的道德意见可能具有挑战性。这些问题可能并不广为人知,而且可能涉及复杂的科学、法律、历史和伦理层面。传统调查可能会引发肤浅和无知的意见,这些意见对于政策制定来说可能质量可疑。我们认为协商民主(DD)的理论和实践对于克服这些缺陷特别有用。我们解释了 DD 理论和实践,讨论了在研究伦理中使用 DD 方法的基本原理,并深入说明了 DD 方法在涉及基于代理同意的研究的长期研究伦理争议中的使用。还讨论了 DD 的潜在陷阱、最小化它们的方法以及未来的研究方向。
In a Liberal Democracy, Policy Decisions regarding ethical controversies, including those in research ethics, should incorporate the opinions of its citizens. Eliciting informed and well-considered ethical opinions can be challenging. The issues may not be widely familiar and they may involve complex scientific, legal, historical, and ethical dimensions. Traditional surveys risk eliciting superficial and uninformed opinions that may be of dubious quality for policy formation. We argue that the theory and practice of deliberative democracy (DD) is especially useful in overcoming such inadequacies. We explain DD theory and practice, discuss the rationale for using DD methods in research ethics, and illustrate in depth the use of a DD method for a long-standing research ethics controversy involving research based on surrogate consent. The potential pitfalls of DD and the means of minimizing them as well as future research directions are also discussed.
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