Cannabinoids facilitate the swallowing reflex elicited by the superior laryngeal nerve stimulation in rats.
Cannabinoids facilitate the swallowing reflex elicited by the superior laryngeal nerve stimulation in rats.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0050703
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Kitagawa J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mostafeezur RM;Zakir HM;Takatsuji H;Yamada Y;Yamamura K;Kitagawa J
据报道，大麻素通过与大麻素受体1(CB1)和大麻素受体2(CB2)结合而影响多种生物学功能。本研究旨在调查吞咽--摄食行为的重要组成部分--在给予大麻素后是否受到调节。分别在给予大麻素受体激动剂Win 55-212-2(Win)和CB1或CB2拮抗剂前后，记录重复电刺激大鼠喉上神经诱发的吞咽反射。分析第一次吞咽的潜伏期和两次吞咽的时间间隔。静注WIN后，WIN的起效潜伏期和吞咽间隔时间均缩短，且作用强度呈剂量依赖性。虽然静脉注射CB1拮抗剂可阻断WIN的作用，但CB2拮抗剂的应用不能阻断WIN的作用。静脉注射WIN前，直接向孤束核(NTS)微量注射CB1受体拮抗剂也可阻断WIN的作用。用免疫荧光组织化学方法观察CB1受体与谷氨酸脱羧酶67(GAD67)或谷氨酸在NTS的共存情况。CB1受体更多地与GAD67共定位于NTS，而不是谷氨酸。这些发现表明，大麻素通过CB1受体促进吞咽反射。大麻素可以减弱中枢模式发生器中GABA(伽马氨基丁酸)神经元对吞咽的紧张性抑制作用。
Cannabinoids have been reported to be involved in affecting various biological functions through binding with cannabinoid receptors type 1 (CB1) and 2 (CB2). The present study was designed to investigate whether swallowing, an essential component of feeding behavior, is modulated after the administration of cannabinoid. The swallowing reflex evoked by the repetitive electrical stimulation of the superior laryngeal nerve in rats was recorded before and after the administration of the cannabinoid receptor agonist, WIN 55-212-2 (WIN), with or without CB1 or CB2 antagonist. The onset latency of the first swallow and the time intervals between swallows were analyzed. The onset latency and the intervals between swallows were shorter after the intravenous administration of WIN, and the strength of effect of WIN was dose-dependent. Although the intravenous administration of CB1 antagonist prior to intravenous administration of WIN blocked the effect of WIN, the administration of CB2 antagonist did not block the effect of WIN. The microinjection of the CB1 receptor antagonist directly into the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) prior to intravenous administration of WIN also blocked the effect of WIN. Immunofluorescence histochemistry was conducted to assess the co-localization of CB1 receptor immunoreactivity to glutamic acid decarboxylase 67 (GAD67) or glutamate in the NTS. CB1 receptor was co-localized more with GAD67 than glutamate in the NTS. These findings suggest that cannabinoids facilitate the swallowing reflex via CB1 receptors. Cannabinoids may attenuate the tonic inhibitory effect of GABA (gamma-aminobuteric acid) neurons in the central pattern generator for swallowing.
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