Associations between parental ideology and neural sensitivity to cognitive conflict in children.
Associations between parental ideology and neural sensitivity to cognitive conflict in children.
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DOI：
10.1080/17470919.2014.968290
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发表时间：
2015-04
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
O'Toole LJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dennis TA;Amodio DM;O'Toole LJ
父母的意识形态是如何传递给孩子的，特别是在孩子还没有形成政治信仰的时候，人们对这一过程仍然知之甚少。鉴于最近的证据表明政治意识形态与成人对认知冲突的神经反应有关，我们测试了探索性假设，即儿童对冲突的神经认知反应也可能因父母的意识形态而有所不同。我们评估了父母的政治意识形态和儿童的神经认知反应冲突之间的关系，作为测量的事件相关电位的N2组件。5-7岁的儿童完成了一个适合年龄的侧翼任务，同时记录EEG，N2被评分为不一致与一致的侧翼，以指数冲突处理。由于先前的研究文件强调了自由保守派在威胁相关背景下的差异，因此每次任务试验之前都有一张愤怒的脸（威胁相关）或比较的脸（快乐或中性）。父母的意识形态对冲突相关的N2的影响出现在威胁的条件下，这样的N2是更大的自由派的孩子相比，温和派和保守派的孩子。这些研究结果表明，个体差异的神经认知反应的冲突，在威胁的情况下加剧，可能反映了一个更普遍的模式的个体差异，在成年人中，涉及到政治意识形态。
Processes through which parental ideology is transmitted to children—especially at a young age prior to the formation of political beliefs—remain poorly understood. Given recent evidence that political ideology is associated with neural responses to cognitive conflict in adults, we tested the exploratory hypothesis that children’s neurocognitive responses to conflict may also differ depending on their parents’ ideology. We assessed relations between parental political ideology and children’s neurocognitive responses to conflict, as measured by the N2 component of the event-related potential. Children aged 5–7 completed an age-appropriate flanker task while EEG was recorded, and the N2 was scored to incongruent versus congruent flankers to index conflict processing. Because previous research documents heightened liberal-conservative differences in threat-relevant contexts, each trial of the task was preceded by an angry face (threat-relevant) or comparison face (happy or neutral). An effect of parental ideology on the conflict-related N2 emerged in the threat condition, such that the N2 was larger among children of liberals compared with children of moderates and conservatives. These findings suggest that individual differences in neurocognitive responses to conflict, heightened in the context of threat, may reflect a more general pattern of individual differences that, in adults, relates to political ideology.
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