Evolutionary mechanisms underpinning fitness response to multiple stressors in Daphnia.
Evolutionary mechanisms underpinning fitness response to multiple stressors in Daphnia.
复制标题
支持水蚤对多种压力源的适应性反应的进化机制。
DOI：
10.1111/eva.13258
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发表时间：
2021-10
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Orsini L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cuenca-Cambronero M;Pantel JH;Marshall H;Nguyen TTT;Tomero-Sanz H;Orsini L
与人类活动相关的多个应激源可能会影响生物体如何适应和进化。到目前为止，关于多种应激源如何驱动自然群体中的适应性轨迹还没有达成共识。一些荟萃分析报告显示，应激源对生态终点(如繁殖力、死亡率)的加性效应占主导地位，而另一些报告则更频繁地显示出协同效应。此外，目前还不清楚是什么适应机制支撑了对复杂环境的反应。在这里，我们使用从过去不同时期复活的大型水蚤种群来研究对多种应激源的适应机制，并了解历史上暴露于环境压力下如何塑造现代种群的适应反应。通过对复活的现代和历史种群的普通园艺实验，我们调查了(1)暴露于一种应激是否导致对第二种应激源的更高耐受性；(2)支持长期进化到多应激的适应机制(遗传进化、可塑性、可塑性进化)；以及(3)多应激源对适合度的交互作用(协同、拮抗、相加)。我们衡量不同水平的资源可获得性(藻类)和杀生剂对健康相关生活史特征的综合影响，并根据历史环境暴露解释这些结果。我们发现，暴露于一种应激源可以改变对第二种应激源的耐受性，并且交互作用的影响取决于任一应激源的严重程度。我们还表明，支持表型进化的适应机制在单应激和多应激情景中显著不同。这些适应性反应在很大程度上是由成熟期繁殖力和大小的协同效应以及成熟期年龄的相加效应驱动的。暴露在多种应激源下，改变了与健康相关的生活史特征之间的权衡，当经历低资源可获得性和高杀生水平时，对水蚤种群的影响更大。我们的研究表明，基于单一压力分析的缓解干预措施可能无法捕捉到现实的威胁。
Multiple stressors linked to anthropogenic activities can influence how organisms adapt and evolve. So far, a consensus on how multiple stressors drive adaptive trajectories in natural populations has not been reached. Some meta‐analysis reports show predominance of additive effects of stressors on ecological endpoints (e.g., fecundity, mortality), whereas others show synergistic effects more frequently. Moreover, it is unclear what mechanisms of adaptation underpin responses to complex environments. Here, we use populations of Daphnia magna resurrected from different times in the past to investigate mechanisms of adaptation to multiple stressors and to understand how historical exposure to environmental stress shapes adaptive responses of modern populations. Using common garden experiments on resurrected modern and historical populations, we investigate (1) whether exposure to one stress results in higher tolerance to a second stressor; (2) the mechanisms of adaptation underpinning long‐term evolution to multistress (genetic evolution, plasticity, evolution of plasticity); and (3) the interaction effects of multiple stressors on fitness (synergism, antagonism, additivity). We measure the combined impact of different levels of resource availability (algae) and biocides on fitness‐linked life‐history traits and interpret these results in light of historical environmental exposures. We show that exposure to one stressor can alter tolerance to second stressors and that the interaction effect depends on the severity of either stressor. We also show that mechanisms of adaptation underpinning phenotypic evolution significantly differ in single‐stress and multistress scenarios. These adaptive responses are driven largely by synergistic effects on fecundity and size at maturity, and additive effects on age at maturity. Exposure to multiple stressors shifts the trade‐offs among fitness‐linked life‐history traits, with a stronger effect on Daphnia populations when low‐resource availability and high biocide levels are experienced. Our study indicates that mitigation interventions based on single‐stress analysis may not capture realistic threats.
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影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Bondarenko, S;Gan, JY
通讯作者：
Gan, JY
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Jansen, Mieke;Coors, Anja;De Meester, Luc
通讯作者：
De Meester, Luc
DOI：
10.3791/56637
发表时间：
2018-01-19
期刊：
Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE
影响因子：
--
作者：
Cuenca Cambronero M;Orsini L
通讯作者：
Orsini L
影响因子：
8.8
作者：
Darling, Emily S.;Cote, Isabelle M.
通讯作者：
Cote, Isabelle M.
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Hendry, Andrew P.
通讯作者：
Hendry, Andrew P.