Trends in Premature Deaths Among Adults in the United States and Latin America.
Trends in Premature Deaths Among Adults in the United States and Latin America.
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DOI：
10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.21085
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发表时间：
2020-02-05
影响因子：
13.8
通讯作者：
Berrington de González A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen Y;Freedman ND;Rodriquez EJ;Shiels MS;Napoles AM;Withrow DR;Spillane S;Sigel B;Perez-Stable EJ;Berrington de González A
在美国，过早死亡率因种族/民族而异。尽管处于社会经济劣势，但美国拉丁裔人口的过早死亡率低于美国白人，这一现象被称为“拉丁裔或西班牙裔悖论”。通过比较2001年至2015年美国按种族/民族划分的过早死亡率与拉丁美洲和波多黎各的过早死亡率，调查是否存在更广泛的拉丁美洲悖论。这项描述性横断面研究使用了来自世界卫生组织死亡率数据库的死亡率数据。选取2001年1月至2015年12月在美国拉丁裔、非裔美国人、白人、波多黎各人和其他12个拉丁美洲人群中年龄在20至64岁之间的所有死亡病例。数据分析始于2018年10月。年龄，性别，种族/民族和国家。2001年至2015年期间的全因死亡率、病因特异性死亡率、年龄标准化死亡率（AMSRs）和死亡率的平均年百分比变化。2001年至2015年期间，选定人群中年龄在20至64岁之间的人死亡2200万人（800万女性和1400万男性）。在研究的16个人群中，美国拉丁裔女性的过早死亡率最低（2015年的ASMR，每10万人中有144人死亡），美国非洲裔美国女性的过早死亡率最高（2015年的ASMR，每10万人中有340人死亡）。美国白人妇女的死亡率从2001年的第六低（ASMR，每10万人中231人死亡）转变为2015年的第12低（ASMR，每10万人中235人死亡）。在男性中，秘鲁的过早死亡率最低（2015年，每10万人中有219人死亡），伯利兹的过早死亡率最高（2015年，每10万人中有702人死亡）。美国白人男性的死亡率从2001年的第五低（ASMR，每10万人中有396人死亡）转变为2015年的第八低（ASMR，每10万人中有394人死亡）。率男性和女性人口减少所有的研究从2001年到2015年(平均年百分比变化范围,每年0.4%到3.8%)除了在我们中间白色的人群,率趋于稳定的(平均年百分比变化,每年0.02% (95% CI,−0.3%每年0.2%)为女性;−每年0.2% (95% CI,−0.4%每年0.0%)为男性)和尼加拉瓜人,对他们来说,利率增加(每年0.6% (95% CI,每年0.2%到1.0%))。2015年死亡率最低的人口所有主要原因的死亡率都较低，但心脏病（每10万人中有21人死亡）和癌症（每10万人中有50人死亡）的死亡率特别低。美国拉丁裔人口和几个拉丁美洲国家的过早死亡率低于美国白人人口，这表明可能存在一个更广泛的拉丁美洲悖论。该分析还强调，与许多拉丁美洲人口相比，美国非裔美国人（尤其是女性）的过早死亡率较高。
Premature death rates vary in the United States by race/ethnicity. Despite their socioeconomic disadvantages, US Latino populations have lower premature mortality rates than do US white populations, a phenomenon termed the “Latino or Hispanic paradox.” To investigate whether there is a broader Latin American paradox by comparing premature mortality rates in the United States according to race/ethnicity with rates in Latin America and Puerto Rico from 2001 to 2015. This descriptive cross-sectional study used mortality data from the World Health Organization Mortality Database. All deaths occurring in individuals aged 20 to 64 years among US Latino, African American, white, and Puerto Rican and 12 other Latin American populations from January 2001 to December 2015 were selected. The data analysis began in October 2018. Age, sex, race/ethnicity, and country. All-cause mortality, cause-specific mortality, age-standardized mortality rates (AMSRs), and average annual percentage change in mortality rates during 2001 to 2015. During 2001 to 2015, 22 million deaths (8 million women and 14 million men) occurred among individuals aged 20 to 64 years in the selected populations. Among women, US Latina individuals had the lowest premature mortality rates (ASMR for 2015, 144 deaths per 100 000 population) and US African American women had the highest premature mortality rate (ASMR for 2015, 340 deaths per 100 000 population) of the 16 populations studied. Rates among US white women shifted from the sixth lowest in 2001 (ASMR, 231 deaths per 100 000 population) to the 12th lowest in 2015 (ASMR, 235 deaths per 100 000 population). Among men, Peru had the lowest premature mortality rates (ASMR for 2015, 219 deaths per 100 000 population), and Belize had the highest premature mortality rates (ASMR for 2015, 702 deaths per 100 000 population). White men in the United States shifted from the fifth lowest rates in 2001 (ASMR, 396 deaths per 100 000 population) to the eighth lowest rates in 2015 (ASMR, 394 deaths per 100 000 population). Rates for both women and men decreased in all the populations studied from 2001 to 2015 (average annual percentage change range, 0.4% to 3.8% per year) except among US white populations, for which the rate plateaued (average annual percentage change, 0.02% per year [95% CI, −0.3% to 0.2% per year] for women; −0.2% per year [95% CI, −0.4% to 0.0% per year] for men) and among Nicaraguan men, for whom the rates increased (0.6% per year [95% CI, 0.2% to 1.0% per year]). The populations with the lowest mortality rates in 2015 had lower rates from all major causes, but rates were particularly lower for heart disease (21 deaths per 100 000 population) and cancer (50 deaths per 100 000 population). Premature mortality rates are lower for US Latino populations and several Latin American countries than for US white populations, suggesting that there may be a broader Latin American paradox. This analysis also highlights the high premature mortality rates among US African American populations, especially women, compared with many Latin American populations.
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影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Rocha-Brischiliari SC;Oliveira RR;Andrade L;Brischiliari A;Gravena AA;Carvalho MD;Pelloso SM
通讯作者：
Pelloso SM
影响因子：
51.1
作者：
Herrero, Rolando;Gonzalez, Paula;Markowitz, Lauri E.
通讯作者：
Markowitz, Lauri E.
DOI：
10.1016/s0140-6736(17)32152-9
发表时间：
2017-09-16
期刊：
Lancet (London, England)
影响因子：
--
作者：
GBD 2016 Causes of Death Collaborators
通讯作者：
GBD 2016 Causes of Death Collaborators
影响因子：
34.3
作者：
Kontis, Vasilis;Mathers, Colin D.;Ezzati, Majid
通讯作者：
Ezzati, Majid
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Ordunez, Pedro;Prieto-Lara, Elisa;Cooper, Richard S.
通讯作者：
Cooper, Richard S.