Phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) perception in ultra-high risk for psychosis participants who develop schizophrenia: testing the evidence for an endophenotypic marker.
Phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) perception in ultra-high risk for psychosis participants who develop schizophrenia: testing the evidence for an endophenotypic marker.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.psychres.2012.03.010
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发表时间：
2012-08-30
影响因子：
11.3
通讯作者：
Wood, Stephen J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brewer, Warrick J.;Lin, Ashleigh;Moberg, Paul J.;Smutzer, Gregory;Nelson, Barnaby;Yung, Alison R.;Pantelis, Christos;McGorry, Patrick D.;Turetsky, Bruce I.;Wood, Stephen J.
最近有报道称，与对照组相比，精神分裂症患者更有可能是苯硫脲（PTC）非味觉者，这一点引起了争议。如果得到支持，则涉及PTC品尝者状态中基于遗传的表型变异，这表明具有TAS 2 R38受体隐性等位基因的参与者具有更大的疾病风险。如果PTC不敏感性是精神分裂症的内表型，那么它将被预期在后续的超高风险的精神病参与者谁后来发展为精神分裂症（UHR-S）。假设UHR-S与先前有风险但未转变的患者（UHR-NP）相比显示PTC敏感性降低。在长期随访中，对219名UHR参与者的PTC感知进行了评估，其中53人在随访期间转变为精神病（UHR-P）。219名参与者中有15人被诊断为精神分裂症。78人有精神病家族史。在UHR参与者中，根据向精神病状态的转变、精神分裂症诊断或精神分裂症家族史，PTC品尝者状态没有差异。本报告表明，UHR参与者中精神分裂症的发展与PTC味觉缺陷无关，并且未能支持先前的研究结果，即无法检测PTC的苦味是精神分裂症的内表型。
Reports suggesting that schizophrenia participants are more likely to be phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) non-tasters when compared to controls have recently been controversial. If supported, a genetic-based phenotypic variation in PTC taster status is implicated, suggesting a greater illness risk for those participants with recessive alleles for the TAS2R38 receptor. Should PTC insensitivity be a schizophrenia endophenotype, then it would be expected in follow-up of ultra high-risk for psychosis participants who later develop schizophrenia (UHR-S). UHR-S were hypothesised to show reduced PTC sensitivity compared to those who were previously at risk, but did not transition (UHR-NP). PTC perception was assessed in 219 UHR participants at long-term follow-up, of whom 53 had transitioned to psychosis (UHR-P) during the follow-up period. Fifteen of the 219 participants were diagnosed with schizophrenia. Seventy-eight had a family history of psychotic disorder. No differences in PTC taster status were found in UHR participants based upon transition to psychosis status, schizophrenia diagnosis, or family history of schizophrenia. This report indicates that schizophrenia development among UHR participants is not associated with PTC tasting deficits and fails to support previous findings that inability to detect the bitter taste of PTC is a schizophrenia endophenotype.
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