Conceptualization, Operationalization, and Utilization of Race and Ethnicity in Major Epidemiology Journals, 1995-2018: A Systematic Review.

Conceptualization, Operationalization, and Utilization of Race and Ethnicity in Major Epidemiology Journals, 1995-2018: A Systematic Review.
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DOI:
10.1093/aje/kwac146
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发表时间:
2023-02-24
影响因子:
5
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
医学2区
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尽管学者们一再呼吁批判性地参与美国流行病学研究中的种族和民族概念,但将这些社会结构纳入学术研究可能是次优的。这项研究的特点是在美国的研究发表在领先的期刊,其出版物形状的话语和规范,围绕种族,民族和健康的流行病学领域内的种族和民族的概念化,操作和利用。我们系统地回顾了从5个时期的著名流行病学期刊中随机选择的文章:1995-1999,2000-2004,2005-2009,2010-2014和2015-2018。所有在美国进行的原始人类受试者研究都有资格接受审查。信息的定义,测量,编码,并在分析中使用。我们回顾了1,050篇文章,包括我们分析的414篇(39%)。四项研究明确定义了种族和/或民族。作者很少在种族和民族之间做出明确的划分,通常采用民族结构。在大多数跨时间段的研究中,作者没有说明如何测量人种和/或种族。最常见的编码方案包括“黑人、白色”(人种)、“西班牙裔、非西班牙裔”(种族)和“黑人、白色、西班牙裔”(种族)。在大多数情况下,种族和族裔在分析中被认为是“不感兴趣的”(例如,控制变量)。总体而言,1995年至2018年期间的纪律措施基本保持不变,需要改进。
Despite repeated calls by scholars to critically engage with the concepts of race and ethnicity in US epidemiologic research, the incorporation of these social constructs in scholarship may be suboptimal. This study characterizes the conceptualization, operationalization, and utilization of race and ethnicity in US research published in leading journals whose publications shape discourse and norms around race, ethnicity, and health within the field of epidemiology. We systematically reviewed randomly selected articles from prominent epidemiology journals across 5 periods: 1995–1999, 2000–2004, 2005–2009, 2010–2014, and 2015–2018. All original human-subjects research conducted in the United States was eligible for review. Information on definitions, measurement, coding, and use in analysis was extracted. We reviewed 1,050 articles, including 414 (39%) in our analyses. Four studies explicitly defined race and/or ethnicity. Authors rarely made clear delineations between race and ethnicity, often adopting an ethnoracial construct. In the majority of studies across time periods, authors did not state how race and/or ethnicity was measured. Top coding schemes included “Black, White” (race), “Hispanic, non-Hispanic” (ethnicity), and “Black, White, Hispanic” (ethnoracial). Most often, race and ethnicity were deemed “not of interest” in analyses (e.g., control variables). Broadly, disciplinary practices have remained largely the same between 1995 and 2018 and are in need of improvement.
Biopython:用于计算分子生物学和生物信息学的免费 Python 工具。
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