Genome-wide identification and spatiotemporal expression analysis of cadherin superfamily members in echinoderms.
Genome-wide identification and spatiotemporal expression analysis of cadherin superfamily members in echinoderms.
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DOI：
10.1186/s13227-023-00219-7
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发表时间：
2023-12-20
期刊：
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
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钙粘蛋白是一种钙离子依赖的跨膜细胞间粘附蛋白，对后生动物的发育至关重要。它们由三个亚家族组成：经典钙粘蛋白，其结合连环蛋白，原钙粘蛋白，其含有6-7个钙结合重复结构域，和非典型钙粘蛋白。其功能包括形成粘附连接，建立平面细胞极性（PCP），以及调节细胞形状，增殖和迁移。因为它们是基底后口动物，棘皮动物提供了重要的见解两侧进化，但他们唯一的特点是钙粘蛋白G-钙粘蛋白，一个经典的钙粘蛋白，是由许多胚胎上皮细胞表达。我们的目的是更好地表征棘皮动物钙粘蛋白进行系统发育分析和检查的时空表达模式的钙粘蛋白编码基因在圆海胆purpuratus发展。我们的系统发育分析进行了两个海胆，三个小行星，和海百合物种鉴定10棘皮动物钙粘蛋白，包括一个后口特定的直系同源物，钙粘蛋白-23，和棘皮动物特异性非典型钙粘蛋白，可能出现在一个棘皮动物小行星的祖先。在dachsous-2直系同源物中的连环蛋白结合结构域被发现是后口特异性创新，在小鼠中选择性丢失，而在Fat 4直系同源物中的连环蛋白结合结构域似乎是Ambulacraria特异性的，并且在非海百合棘皮动物中选择性丢失。棘皮动物钙粘蛋白的识别套件缺乏脊椎动物特异性的创新，但包含两种蛋白质，存在于原口动物和缺乏小鼠。四种胚胎表达的钙粘蛋白（脂肪非典型钙粘蛋白1和4，dachsous-2和原钙粘蛋白-9）的时空表达模式是动态的，并反映了卷曲5/8，一个非经典的Wnt PCP途径受体蛋白质的表达模式，对原肠形态发生至关重要。棘皮动物的钙粘蛋白工具包更类似于一个古老的两侧动物捕食原口动物和后口动物，而不是在现存的脊椎动物中发现的钙粘蛋白套件。然而，后口动物似乎也经历了几次钙粘蛋白相关的创新。基于其相似的时空表达模式和邻位关系的PCP相关和肿瘤抑制蛋白，我们假设，海胆钙粘蛋白可能发挥作用，在调节胚胎上皮细胞和器官的形状和生长。未来的实验将研究钙粘蛋白在非棘皮类棘皮动物中的表达，并探索钙粘蛋白在棘皮动物发育过程中的功能。在线版本包含补充材料，可通过10.1186/s13227-023-00219-7获得。
Cadherins are calcium-dependent transmembrane cell–cell adhesion proteins that are essential for metazoan development. They consist of three subfamilies: classical cadherins, which bind catenin, protocadherins, which contain 6–7 calcium-binding repeat domains, and atypical cadherins. Their functions include forming adherens junctions, establishing planar cell polarity (PCP), and regulating cell shape, proliferation, and migration. Because they are basal deuterostomes, echinoderms provide important insights into bilaterian evolution, but their only well-characterized cadherin is G-cadherin, a classical cadherin that is expressed by many embryonic epithelia. We aimed to better characterize echinoderm cadherins by conducting phylogenetic analyses and examining the spatiotemporal expression patterns of cadherin-encoding genes during Strongylocentrotus purpuratus development. Our phylogenetic analyses conducted on two echinoid, three asteroid, and one crinoid species identified ten echinoderm cadherins, including one deuterostome-specific ortholog, cadherin-23, and an echinoderm-specific atypical cadherin that possibly arose in an echinoid-asteroid ancestor. Catenin-binding domains in dachsous-2 orthologs were found to be a deuterostome-specific innovation that was selectively lost in mouse, while those in Fat4 orthologs appeared to be Ambulacraria-specific and were selectively lost in non-crinoid echinoderms. The identified suite of echinoderm cadherins lacks vertebrate-specific innovations but contains two proteins that are present in protostomes and absent from mouse. The spatiotemporal expression patterns of four embryonically expressed cadherins (fat atypical cadherins 1 and 4, dachsous-2, and protocadherin-9) were dynamic and mirrored the expression pattern of Frizzled 5/8, a non-canonical Wnt PCP pathway receptor protein essential for archenteron morphogenesis. The echinoderm cadherin toolkit is more similar to that of an ancient bilaterian predating protostomes and deuterostomes than it is to the suite of cadherins found in extant vertebrates. However, it also appears that deuterostomes underwent several cadherin-related innovations. Based on their similar spatiotemporal expression patterns and orthologous relationships to PCP-related and tumor-suppressing proteins, we hypothesize that sea urchin cadherins may play a role in regulating the shape and growth of embryonic epithelia and organs. Future experiments will examine cadherin expression in non-echinoid echinoderms and explore the functions of cadherins during echinoderm development. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13227-023-00219-7.
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影响因子：
2.6
作者：
GHERSI, G;SALAMONE, M;VITTORELLI, ML
通讯作者：
VITTORELLI, ML
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影响因子：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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