Variation in U.S. traffic safety policy environments and motor vehicle fatalities 1980-2010.
Variation in U.S. traffic safety policy environments and motor vehicle fatalities 1980-2010.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.puhe.2013.10.003
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发表时间：
2013-12
期刊：
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Paul M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Silver D;Macinko J;Bae JY;Jimenez G;Paul M
研究各州交通安全法规变化对机动车死亡率的影响。重复横断面时间序列设计。固定效应回归模型估计了1980-2010年50个州的州机动车死亡率与州法律环境强度之间的关系。国家政策环境的强度是通过计算每年实施的27项循证法律的比例来衡量的。酒精消费对机动车死亡的影响估计使用的一个子集的酒精法律作为工具变量。一旦在统计模型中控制了其他风险因素，对安全驾驶和驾驶员/乘客保护进行更强有力监管的州，所有年龄段的机动车死亡率都显着降低。酒精消费与较高的MVC死亡率以及州失业率密切相关。鼓励落后的州采用全部可用的法律可以大大减少美国可预防的交通相关死亡-特别是年轻人的死亡。评估不同政策环境与健康结果之间的关系可以量化政策差距的结果。
To examine the impact of variation in state laws governing traffic safety on motor vehicle fatalities. Repeated cross sectional time series design. Fixed effects regression models estimate the relationship between state motor vehicle fatality rates and the strength of the state law environment for 50 states, 1980–2010. The strength of the state policy environment is measured by calculating the proportion of a set of 27 evidence-based laws in place each year. The effect of alcohol consumption on motor vehicle fatalities is estimated using a subset of alcohol laws as instrumental variables. Once other risk factors are controlled in statistical models, states with stronger regulation of safer driving and driver/passenger protections had significantly lower motor vehicle fatality rates for all ages. Alcohol consumption was strongly associated with higher MVC death rates, as were state unemployment rates. Encouraging laggard states to adopt the full range of available laws could significantly reduce preventable traffic-related deaths in the U.S. – especially those among younger individuals. Estimating the relationship between different policy environments and health outcomes can quantify the result of policy gaps.
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