A Promising Candidate to Reliably Index Attentional Bias Toward Alcohol Cues-An Adapted Odd-One-Out Visual Search Task.
A Promising Candidate to Reliably Index Attentional Bias Toward Alcohol Cues-An Adapted Odd-One-Out Visual Search Task.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2021.630461
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
de Jong PJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Heitmann J;Jonker NC;de Jong PJ
注意偏向（AB）被认为有助于物质使用行为的持续性。然而，其在成瘾中的作用的经验证据是不一致的。这可能是由于常用的措施无法区分注意力投入和注意力脱离。为了证明区分AB的两个组成部分的重要性，最近的一项研究使用了奇数一出任务（OOOT）表明，物质使用与参与和脱离偏差有差异。然而，来自OOOT的AB措施显示出不足以作为个体差异的可靠措施。因此，本研究旨在通过使用更明显的对比刺激，增加练习试验，增加试验次数，以及让参与者在酒精相关的环境中执行任务，来提高来自OOOT的AB测量的可靠性。我们将原始OOOT与改编后的OOOT进行了对比（即，OOOT-adapt），并在低饮酒和高饮酒个体中评估AB。参与者是245名本科生，他们通常倾向于喝少量或大量的酒精。在一种条件下，在典型的实验室环境中用原始OOOT测量AB，而在另一种条件下，在酒吧中用OOOT-adapt测量AB（即，酒精相关的）背景。OOOT-adapt显示出上级的内部一致性，特别是对于高饮酒组。此外，特别是OOOT适应区分低和高饮酒的参与者，表明高饮酒者比低饮酒者更快地参与酒精暗示。因此，发现OOOT-适应是在酒精使用的背景下可靠地索引AB的有希望的候选者。OOOT适应进一步显示出上级标准效度，因为它可以区分低饮酒和高饮酒的个体，从而增加了AB可能参与物质使用行为的证据。
Attentional bias (AB) has been suggested to contribute to the persistence of substance use behavior. However, the empirical evidence for its proposed role in addiction is inconsistent. This might be due to the inability of commonly used measures to differentiate between attentional engagement and attentional disengagement. Attesting to the importance of differentiating between both components of AB, a recent study using the odd-one-out task (OOOT) showed that substance use was differentially related to engagement and disengagement bias. However, the AB measures derived from the OOOT showed insufficient reliability to be used as a solid measure of individual differences. Therefore, the current study aimed to improve the reliability of the AB measures derived from the OOOT by using more distinct contrast stimuli, adding practice trials, increasing the number of trials, and by having participants perform the task in an alcohol-relevant context. We contrasted the original OOOT with the adapted OOOT (i.e., OOOT-adapt) and assessed AB in low- and high-drinking individuals. Participants were 245 undergraduate students who typically tend to drink either low or high amounts of alcohol. In one condition, AB was measured with the original OOOT in a typical laboratory context, whereas in the other condition, AB was measured with the OOOT-adapt in a bar (i.e., alcohol-relevant) context. The OOOT-adapt showed superior internal consistency, especially for the high-drinking group. Further, specifically the OOOT-adapt differentiated between low- and high-drinking participants showing that high drinkers engaged faster with alcohol cues than did low drinkers. Thus, the OOOT-adapt was found to be a promising candidate to reliably index AB in the context of alcohol use. The OOOT-adapt further showed superior criterion validity as it could differentiate between low- and high-drinking individuals, thereby adding to the evidence that AB might be involved in substance use behavior.
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影响因子：
4.6
作者：
MACLEOD, C;MATHEWS, A;TATA, P
通讯作者：
TATA, P
DOI：
10.1111/j.1530-0277.2006.00224.x
发表时间：
2006-11-01
期刊：
ALCOHOL-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
影响因子：
--
作者：
Noel, Xavier;Colmant, M.;Verbanck, Paul
通讯作者：
Verbanck, Paul
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Clark, LA;Watson, D
通讯作者：
Watson, D
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Ataya, Alia F.;Adams, Sally;Munafo, Marcus R.
通讯作者：
Munafo, Marcus R.
影响因子：
18.4
作者：
Stacy AW;Wiers RW
通讯作者：
Wiers RW