A molecular insight into algal-oomycete warfare: cDNA analysis of Ectocarpus siliculosus infected with the basal oomycete Eurychasma dicksonii.
A molecular insight into algal-oomycete warfare: cDNA analysis of Ectocarpus siliculosus infected with the basal oomycete Eurychasma dicksonii.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0024500
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
van West P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Grenville-Briggs L;Gachon CM;Strittmatter M;Sterck L;Küpper FC;van West P
褐藻是沿海生境中主要的初级生产者，与陆地植物一样，也容易受到疾病和寄生的影响。diksoni Eurychasma dicksonii是一种丰富的、可能是世界性的海洋褐藻专性生物营养性卵菌病原体。卵菌（或水霉菌）是致病性或腐生性的非光合层菌，主要以引起毁灭性的农业和水产养殖疾病而闻名。虽然分子知识仅限于作物病原体，但致病卵菌实际上感染大多数真核生物谱系的宿主。分子证据表明，Eu。Dicksonii属于迄今为止已知的最早期分支的卵菌分支。因此欧盟。Dicksonii由于其假定的环境影响和系统发育位置而引起相当大的兴趣。在这里，我们报告了迄今为止在最基础的卵菌上获得的第一个大规模功能分子数据。从感染硅藻Ectocarpus siculosus的sanger - sequencing和pyrosequencing EST文库中获得9873个单基因，总计超过3.5Mb的序列数据。6787个单基因（70%）来自藻类，3086个（30%）来自卵菌。57%的欧盟。Dicksonii序列与已发表的序列数据没有相似性，表明该数据集在很大程度上是独一无二的。我们无法确定在高等卵菌中鉴定的卵菌效应物的RXLR和CRN组的序列，但我们发现了其他独特的致病因素。这些包括假定的藻类细胞壁降解酶、细胞表面蛋白和亲环蛋白样蛋白。对宿主对感染的反应的初步观察也揭示了宿主细胞核向感染部位的移动，以及负责加强细胞壁的基因的表达，以及蛋白酶抑制剂等蛋白质的分泌。我们还发现了E. silulosus转座元件转录重编程和病毒基因插入宿主基因组的证据。
Brown algae are the predominant primary producers in coastal habitats, and like land plants are subject to disease and parasitism. Eurychasma dicksonii is an abundant, and probably cosmopolitan, obligate biotrophic oomycete pathogen of marine brown algae. Oomycetes (or water moulds) are pathogenic or saprophytic non-photosynthetic Stramenopiles, mostly known for causing devastating agricultural and aquacultural diseases. Whilst molecular knowledge is restricted to crop pathogens, pathogenic oomycetes actually infect hosts from most eukaryotic lineages. Molecular evidence indicates that Eu. dicksonii belongs to the most early-branching oomycete clade known so far. Therefore Eu. dicksonii is of considerable interest due to its presumed environmental impact and phylogenetic position. Here we report the first large scale functional molecular data acquired on the most basal oomycete to date. 9873 unigenes, totalling over 3.5Mb of sequence data, were produced from Sanger-sequenced and pyrosequenced EST libraries of infected Ectocarpus siliculosus. 6787 unigenes (70%) were of algal origin, and 3086 (30%) oomycete origin. 57% of Eu. dicksonii sequences had no similarity to published sequence data, indicating that this dataset is largely unique. We were unable to positively identify sequences belonging to the RXLR and CRN groups of oomycete effectors identified in higher oomycetes, however we uncovered other unique pathogenicity factors. These included putative algal cell wall degrading enzymes, cell surface proteins, and cyclophilin-like proteins. A first look at the host response to infection has also revealed movement of the host nucleus to the site of infection as well as expression of genes responsible for strengthening the cell wall, and secretion of proteins such as protease inhibitors. We also found evidence of transcriptional reprogramming of E. siliculosus transposable elements and of a viral gene inserted in the host genome.
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