A local autocrine axis in the testes that regulates spermatogenesis.
A local autocrine axis in the testes that regulates spermatogenesis.
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DOI：
10.1038/nrendo.2010.71
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发表时间：
2010-07
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--
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受精--成熟精子从支持细胞释放到生精小管腔内--通过破坏称为顶端胞质特化(顶端ES)的锚定装置而发生。与此同时，血-睾丸屏障(BTB)经历了广泛的重组，以促进细线虫前期精母细胞的运输。虽然这两个细胞事件发生在支持细胞上皮的两端，但实际上这两个事件是紧密协调的，因为这两个过程中的任何一个中断都会导致不孕。在顶端ES和BTB之间存在一个局部调节轴，在顶端ES产生的具有生物活性的层粘连蛋白片段可以通过半桥粒直接或间接地调节BTB的重构。同样重要的是，极性蛋白在协调顶端ES-BTB-半桥粒轴内的细胞活动中起着至关重要的作用。此外，睾酮和细胞因子协同作用促进BTB重组，从而在维持免疫屏障功能的同时实现精母细胞的转运。在这里，我们将讨论这个重要的以自分泌为基础的细胞轴，它与调节精子发生的基于激素的下丘脑-垂体-睾丸轴平行。这一地方调控轴是男性避孕的新兴目标。
Spermiation—the release of mature spermatozoa from Sertoli cells into the seminiferous tubule lumen—occurs by the disruption of an anchoring device known as the apical ectoplasmic specialization (apical ES). At the same time, the blood–testis barrier (BTB) undergoes extensive restructuring to facilitate the transit of preleptotene spermatocytes. While these two cellular events take place at opposite ends of the Sertoli cell epithelium, the events are in fact tightly coordinated, as any disruption in either process will lead to infertility. A local regulatory axis exists between the apical ES and the BTB in which biologically active laminin fragments produced at the apical ES by the action of matrix metalloproteinase 2 can regulate BTB restructuring directly or indirectly via the hemidesmosome. Equally important, polarity proteins play a crucial part in coordinating cellular events within this apical ES–BTB–hemidesmosome axis. Additionally, testosterone and cytokines work in concert to facilitate BTB restructuring, which enables the transit of spermatocytes while maintaining immunological barrier function. Herein, we will discuss this important autocrine-based cellular axis that parallels the hormonal-based hypothalamic–pituitary–testicular axis that regulates spermatogenesis. This local regulatory axis is the emerging target for male contraception.
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DOI：
10.2174/187152208783790679
发表时间：
2008-03-01
期刊：
Immunology Endocrine & Metabolic Agents in Medicinal Chemistry
影响因子：
--
作者：
Carreau, Serge;Bourguiba, Sonia;Lambard, Sophie
通讯作者：
Lambard, Sophie
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Durbeej, Madeleine
通讯作者：
Durbeej, Madeleine
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Abel, MH;Wootton, AN;Charlton, HM
通讯作者：
Charlton, HM
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Delfino, FJ;Boustead, JN;Walker, WH
通讯作者：
Walker, WH
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
DYM, M;CAVICCHIA, JC
通讯作者：
CAVICCHIA, JC