Alzheimer's Disease and Diabetes: Role of Diet, Microbiota and Inflammation in Preclinical Models.
Alzheimer's Disease and Diabetes: Role of Diet, Microbiota and Inflammation in Preclinical Models.
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DOI：
10.3390/biom11020262
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发表时间：
2021-02-10
期刊：
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Del Marco A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carranza-Naval MJ;Vargas-Soria M;Hierro-Bujalance C;Baena-Nieto G;Garcia-Alloza M;Infante-Garcia C;Del Marco A
阿尔茨海默病(AD)是导致痴呆症的最常见原因。流行病学研究表明阿尔茨海默病与2型糖尿病(T2 DM)之间存在关联，尽管其机制尚不完全清楚。饮食习惯和生活方式是这两种疾病的危险因素，强烈地调节着肠道微生物区系的组成。此外，脑-肠轴通过细菌代谢产物，如短链脂肪酸，在AD、糖尿病和炎症中发挥相关作用。我们对临床上常见的AD和T2 DM的临床前模型和复制这两种疾病的模型中的生物失调、炎性细胞因子谱改变和小胶质细胞之间的关系进行了全面的文献综述。促炎症细胞因子增加，如IL-1β和肿瘤坏死因子-α，被广泛检测到。微生物组分析显示放线杆菌、拟杆菌或菌门等发生了变化。在小鼠身上观察到α和β多样性的变化取决于基因、性别和年龄；因此，细菌分类群的变化高度依赖于模型和方法。我们还回顾了前和益生菌补充剂的使用，通过有利于健康的微生物群来改善AD和T2 DM的病理。虽然已经进行了广泛的研究，但仍有必要进一步研究，以充分了解饮食、微生物群和炎症之间的关系在AD和T2 DM中。
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia. Epidemiological studies show the association between AD and type 2 diabetes (T2DM), although the mechanisms are not fully understood. Dietary habits and lifestyle, that are risk factors in both diseases, strongly modulate gut microbiota composition. Also, the brain-gut axis plays a relevant role in AD, diabetes and inflammation, through products of bacterial metabolism, like short-chain fatty acids. We provide a comprehensive review of current literature on the relation between dysbiosis, altered inflammatory cytokines profile and microglia in preclinical models of AD, T2DM and models that reproduce both diseases as commonly observed in the clinic. Increased proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β and TNF-α, are widely detected. Microbiome analysis shows alterations in Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes or Firmicutes phyla, among others. Altered α- and β-diversity is observed in mice depending on genotype, gender and age; therefore, alterations in bacteria taxa highly depend on the models and approaches. We also review the use of pre- and probiotic supplements, that by favoring a healthy microbiome ameliorate AD and T2DM pathologies. Whereas extensive studies have been carried out, further research would be necessary to fully understand the relation between diet, microbiome and inflammation in AD and T2DM.
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影响因子：
6
作者：
Al-Rashed, Fatema;Alghaith, Abdulwahab;Ahmad, Rasheed
通讯作者：
Ahmad, Rasheed
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Arumugam, Manimozhiyan;Raes, Jeroen;Pelletier, Eric;Le Paslier, Denis;Yamada, Takuji;Mende, Daniel R.;Fernandes, Gabriel R.;Tap, Julien;Bruls, Thomas;Batto, Jean-Michel;Bertalan, Marcelo;Borruel, Natalia;Casellas, Francesc;Fernandez, Leyden;Gautier, Laurent;Hansen, Torben;Hattori, Masahira;Hayashi, Tetsuya;Kleerebezem, Michiel;Kurokawa, Ken;Leclerc, Marion;Levenez, Florence;Manichanh, Chaysavanh;Nielsen, H. Bjorn;Nielsen, Trine;Pons, Nicolas;Poulain, Julie;Qin, Junjie;Sicheritz-Ponten, Thomas;Tims, Sebastian;Torrents, David;Ugarte, Edgardo;Zoetendal, Erwin G.;Wang, Jun;Guarner, Francisco;Pedersen, Oluf;de Vos, Willem M.;Brunak, Soren;Dore, Joel;Weissenbach, Jean;Ehrlich, S. Dusko;Bork, Peer
通讯作者：
Bork, Peer
影响因子：
4.3
作者：
Agustí A;García-Pardo MP;López-Almela I;Campillo I;Maes M;Romaní-Pérez M;Sanz Y
通讯作者：
Sanz Y
影响因子：
24.5
作者：
Cani PD;Possemiers S;Van de Wiele T;Guiot Y;Everard A;Rottier O;Geurts L;Naslain D;Neyrinck A;Lambert DM;Muccioli GG;Delzenne NM
通讯作者：
Delzenne NM
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Bruce-Keller AJ;Fernandez-Kim SO;Townsend RL;Kruger C;Carmouche R;Newman S;Salbaum JM;Berthoud HR
通讯作者：
Berthoud HR