Dust cloud evolution in sub-stellar atmospheres via plasma deposition and plasma sputtering

Dust cloud evolution in sub-stellar atmospheres via plasma deposition and plasma sputtering
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通过等离子体沉积和等离子体溅射在亚恒星大气中演化尘埃云

DOI:
10.1051/0004-6361/201731253
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发表时间:
2018
影响因子:
6.5
通讯作者:
Stark C
Stark C
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Stark C

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背景在当代的亚恒星模式大气中,尘埃的增长是通过中性气相表面化学进行的。最近,越来越多的理论和观测证据表明,电离过程也可以发生。因此,大气由等离子体、气体和尘埃组成的区域组成,从而增强了等离子体过程对尘埃演化的影响。目的介绍一个通过等离子体沉积和等离子体溅射在亚恒星大气中尘埃生长和破坏的新模型。方法以漂移-凤凰城的亚恒星大气为例,比较等离子体沉积和溅射的时间尺度和中性气相表面化学的影响范围。计算了等离子体溅射产额,并讨论了等离子体溅射优于沉积的情况。结果在最高尘埃密度云区,当电离度为≳10−4时,等离子体沉积和溅射主导中性气相表面化学。在合适的电离度和电子温度下,表面结合能在0.1-1 eV量级的松散约束颗粒容易通过等离子体溅射破坏;而结合能在10 eV量级的强晶体颗粒则抵抗溅射。结论所描述的数学框架为将等离子体沉积和等离子体溅射纳入全球尘埃云形成模型奠定了基础。
ContextIn contemporary sub-stellar model atmospheres, dust growth occurs through neutral gas-phase surface chemistry. Recently, there has been a growing body of theoretical and observational evidence suggesting that ionisation processes can also occur. As a result, atmospheres are populated by regions composed of plasma, gas and dust, and the consequent influence of plasma processes on dust evolution is enhanced.AimThis paper aims to introduce a new model of dust growth and destruction in sub-stellar atmospheres via plasma deposition and plasma sputtering.MethodsUsing example sub-stellar atmospheres from DRIFT-PHOENIX, we have compared plasma deposition and sputtering timescales to those from neutral gas-phase surface chemistry to ascertain their regimes of influence. We calculated the plasma sputtering yield and discuss the circumstances where plasma sputtering dominates over deposition.ResultsWithin the highest dust density cloud regions, plasma deposition and sputtering dominates over neutral gas-phase surface chemistry if the degree of ionisation is ≳10−4. Loosely bound grains with surface binding energies of the order of 0.1–1 eV are susceptible to destruction through plasma sputtering for feasible degrees of ionisation and electron temperatures; whereas, strong crystalline grains with binding energies of the order 10 eV are resistant to sputtering.ConclusionsThe mathematical framework outlined sets the foundation for the inclusion of plasma deposition and plasma sputtering in global dust cloud formation models of sub-stellar atmospheres.
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