Domestication and crop physiology: roots of green-revolution wheat.
Domestication and crop physiology: roots of green-revolution wheat.
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DOI：
10.1093/aob/mcm180
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发表时间：
2007-11
期刊：
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Ehdaie B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Waines JG;Ehdaie B
与动物科学家不同，大多数植物科学家只研究生物体的一半，即地上的茎、叶、花和果实，而忽视了地下的根。然而，所有人都承认根对于锚定、水分和养分吸收以及产量的组成部分都很重要。本文研究了驯化与地方品种根系的关系，以及绿色革命早、中、晚面包小麦品种的亲本。比较了面包小麦和含有黑麦1RS易位的“Veery”型小麦的根系。采用大盆沙培重复试验研究了小麦种质资源的生长状况。这使得根可以自由清洗，以研究根的特性。早期绿色革命小麦的三个面包小麦亲本的根生物量不到一些地方品种小麦平均值的三分之二。将早期绿色革命小麦与'Norin 10'和'Brevor'的F2杂交，进一步降低了中间代半矮秆和矮秆小麦的根系生物量。晚世代半矮秆小麦的根系生物量表现出遗传变异，但有些表现出进一步减少根的大小。这是对一些加州和英国小麦。小麦黑麦易位在'Kavkaz'的染色体1（1RS）的短臂增加根生物量和分支的品种，包含它。根的大小现代品种是小的地方品种相比。它们的根系可能太小，无法最佳地吸收水分和养分，并获得最大的谷物产量。小麦或大多数作物的最佳根系大小对粮食产量的影响还没有研究过。利用1RS和类似的外来易位可能会增加根系生物量和粮食产量显着灌溉和雨养条件。小麦根系性状可作为产量分析的组成部分。植物育种者可能需要直接选择根系性状。
Most plant scientists, in contrast to animal scientists, study only half the organism, namely above-ground stems, leaves, flowers and fruits, and neglect below-ground roots. Yet all acknowledge roots are important for anchorage, water and nutrient uptake, and presumably components of yield. This paper investigates the relationship between domestication, and the root systems of landraces, and the parents of early, mid- and late green-revolution bread wheat cultivars. It compares the root system of bread wheat and ‘Veery’-type wheat containing the 1RS translocation from rye. Wheat germplasm was grown in large pots in sand culture in replicated experiments. This allowed roots to be washed free to study root characters. The three bread wheat parents of early green-revolution wheats have root biomass less than two-thirds the mean of some landrace wheats. Crossing early green-revolution wheat to an F2 of ‘Norin 10’ and ‘Brevor’, further reduced root biomass in mid-generation semi-dwarf and dwarf wheats. Later-generation semi-dwarf wheats show genetic variation for root biomass, but some exhibit further reduction in root size. This is so for some California and UK wheats. The wheat–rye translocation in ‘Kavkaz’ for the short arm of chromosome 1 (1RS) increased root biomass and branching in cultivars that contained it. Root size of modern cultivars is small compared with that of landraces. Their root system may be too small for optimum uptake of water and nutrients and maximum grain yield. Optimum root size for grain yield has not been investigated in wheat or most crop plants. Use of 1RS and similar alien translocations may increase root biomass and grain yield significantly in irrigated and rain-fed conditions. Root characters may be integrated into components of yield analysis in wheat. Plant breeders may need to select directly for root characters.
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影响因子：
2.3
作者：
EHDAIE, B;HALL, AE;WAINES, JG
通讯作者：
WAINES, JG
影响因子：
6.9
作者：
Reynolds, Matthew;Dreccer, Fernanda;Trethowan, Richard
通讯作者：
Trethowan, Richard
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
King, J;Gay, A;Robinson, D
通讯作者：
Robinson, D
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
EHDAIE, B;WAINES, JG
通讯作者：
WAINES, JG
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Lukaszewski, AJ
通讯作者：
Lukaszewski, AJ