An inversion supergene in Drosophila underpins latitudinal clines in survival traits.
An inversion supergene in Drosophila underpins latitudinal clines in survival traits.
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DOI：
10.1111/jeb.13310
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发表时间：
2018-09
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Flatt T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Durmaz E;Benson C;Kapun M;Schmidt P;Flatt T
染色体倒位往往有助于跨纬度渐变系的局部适应，但其潜在的选择机制仍然知之甚少。我们和其他人以前已经表明，在果蝇的倾斜倒位多态性，在（3R）佩恩，支持身体大小沿沿着北美和澳大利亚东海岸倾斜。在这里，我们问这种多态性是否也有助于在其他健身相关的性状，即生存性状（寿命，饥饿后生存，冷休克后生存）的临床变化。我们产生了同核系，携带反向或标准染色体排列，从接近北美渐变群（佛罗里达，缅因州）的端点的种群中分离，并在两种生长温度（18°C，25°C）下对果蝇进行表型分析。在两种温度下，来自缅因州的高纬度苍蝇比来自佛罗里达的低纬度苍蝇寿命更长，抗应激能力更强。有趣的是，我们发现，这种纬度模式是部分解释的倾斜分布的In（3R）P多态性，这是在约50%的频率在佛罗里达，但缺席缅因州：倒置核型往往是较短的寿命和较低的压力比uninverted核型。我们还发现了核型和温度之间的交互作用对生存性状。由于In（3R）P影响体型和多种生存性状，因此它可以被视为“超基因”，即影响多种复杂表型的紧密连锁的基因座簇。我们推测，反转渐变群是通过适应性权衡和平衡地理选择来维持的;阐明这种反转影响整个渐变群的替代性、局部适应性表型的机制是未来工作的重要任务。
Chromosomal inversions often contribute to local adaptation across latitudinal clines, but the underlying selective mechanisms remain poorly understood. We and others have previously shown that a clinal inversion polymorphism in Drosophila melanogaster, In(3R)Payne, underpins body size clines along the North American and Australian east coasts. Here we ask whether this polymorphism also contributes to clinal variation in other fitness-related traits, namely survival traits (lifespan, survival upon starvation, and survival upon cold shock). We generated homokaryon lines, either carrying the inverted or standard chromosomal arrangement, isolated from populations approximating the endpoints of the North American cline (Florida, Maine), and phenotyped the flies at two growth temperatures (18°C, 25°C). Across both temperatures, high-latitude flies from Maine lived longer and were more stress resistant than low-latitude flies from Florida, as previously observed. Interestingly, we find that this latitudinal pattern is partly explained by the clinal distribution of the In(3R)P polymorphism, which is at ~50% frequency in Florida but absent in Maine: inverted karyotypes tended to be shorter-lived and less stress resistant than uninverted karyotypes. We also detected an interaction between karyotype and temperature on survival traits. Since In(3R)P influences body size and multiple survival traits, it can be viewed as a ‘supergene’, a cluster of tightly linked loci affecting multiple complex phenotypes. We conjecture that the inversion cline is maintained by fitness trade-offs and balancing selection across geography; elucidating the mechanisms whereby this inversion affects alternative, locally adapted phenotypes across the cline is an important task for future work.
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影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Fabian DK;Lack JB;Mathur V;Schlötterer C;Schmidt PS;Pool JE;Flatt T
通讯作者：
Flatt T
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Hoffmann, AA;Shirriffs, J;Scott, M
通讯作者：
Scott, M
影响因子：
4.9
作者：
Fabian DK;Kapun M;Nolte V;Kofler R;Schmidt PS;Schlötterer C;Flatt T
通讯作者：
Flatt T
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Hoffmann, A. A.
通讯作者：
Hoffmann, A. A.
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
DAS, A;SINGH, BN
通讯作者：
SINGH, BN