Possible contributions of a novel form of synaptic plasticity in Aplysia to reward, memory, and their dysfunctions in mammalian brain.
Possible contributions of a novel form of synaptic plasticity in Aplysia to reward, memory, and their dysfunctions in mammalian brain.
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DOI：
10.1101/lm.031237.113
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发表时间：
2013-09-18
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hawkins RD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hawkins RD
最近的研究表明，在失智症的突触可塑性的一个新的变化，其中调节递质增强自发释放的谷氨酸，然后作用于突触后受体招募机制的中期和长期的可塑性。在这篇综述中，我提出了一个假设，即类似的可塑性发生在哺乳动物中，在那里它可能有助于奖励，记忆，以及它们在几种精神疾病中的功能障碍。在失智症中，突触前5-羟色胺受体的激活增强了自发释放，但突触前D1多巴胺受体或烟碱乙酰胆碱受体可能在哺乳动物中发挥类似的作用。这些受体增强海马体、内嗅皮层、前额叶皮层、腹侧被盖区和丘脑核中谷氨酸的自发释放。在所有这些大脑区域中，谷氨酸可以激活突触后受体以升高Ca 2+，并参与早期长时程增强（LTP）机制，包括AMPA受体插入，以及晚期LTP机制，包括蛋白质合成和生长。因此，突触前受体和自发释放可能有助于参与奖励和记忆的大脑区域的突触后可塑性机制，并可能在影响这些区域可塑性的疾病中发挥作用，包括成瘾，阿尔茨海默病，精神分裂症和注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）。
Recent studies in Aplysia have identified a new variation of synaptic plasticity in which modulatory transmitters enhance spontaneous release of glutamate, which then acts on postsynaptic receptors to recruit mechanisms of intermediate- and long-term plasticity. In this review I suggest the hypothesis that similar plasticity occurs in mammals, where it may contribute to reward, memory, and their dysfunctions in several psychiatric disorders. In Aplysia, spontaneous release is enhanced by activation of presynaptic serotonin receptors, but presynaptic D1 dopamine receptors or nicotinic acetylcholine receptors could play a similar role in mammals. Those receptors enhance spontaneous release of glutamate in hippocampus, entorhinal cortex, prefrontal cortex, ventral tegmental area, and nucleus accumbens. In all of those brain areas, glutamate can activate postsynaptic receptors to elevate Ca2+ and engage mechanisms of early-phase long-term potentiation (LTP), including AMPA receptor insertion, and of late-phase LTP, including protein synthesis and growth. Thus, presynaptic receptors and spontaneous release may contribute to postsynaptic mechanisms of plasticity in brain regions involved in reward and memory, and could play roles in disorders that affect plasticity in those regions, including addiction, Alzheimer’s disease, schizophrenia, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
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影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Autry, Anita E.;Adachi, Megunai;Nosyreva, Elena;Na, Elisa S.;Los, Maarten F.;Cheng, Peng-fei;Kavalali, Ege T.;Monteggia, Lisa M.
通讯作者：
Monteggia, Lisa M.
影响因子：
25
作者：
Bossert, Jennifer M.;Stern, Anna L.;Theberge, Florence R. M.;Cifani, Carlo;Koya, Eisuke;Hope, Bruce T.;Shaham, Yavin
通讯作者：
Shaham, Yavin
影响因子：
16.2
作者：
Bowers, M. Scott;Chen, Billy T.;Bonci, Antonello
通讯作者：
Bonci, Antonello
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Antonov, Igor;Ha, Thomas;Hawkins, Robert D.
通讯作者：
Hawkins, Robert D.
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Atkins, Alison L.;Mashhoon, Yasmin;Kantak, Kathleen M.
通讯作者：
Kantak, Kathleen M.