Improving mental health by training the suppression of unwanted thoughts.
Improving mental health by training the suppression of unwanted thoughts.
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DOI：
10.1126/sciadv.adh5292
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发表时间：
2023-09-22
期刊：
影响因子：
13.6
通讯作者：
Anderson, Michael C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mamat, Zulkayda;Anderson, Michael C.
在新冠肺炎大流行期间，焦虑、创伤后应激和抑郁在全球范围内显著增加。患有这些疾病的人会经历令人痛苦的侵扰性思维，但传统疗法往往会敦促他们避免抑制自己的思维，因为干扰的强度和频率可能会反弹，从而使疾病恶化。相反，我们假设训练思维抑制会改善心理健康。来自16个国家的120名成年人接受了为期3天的在线培训，以抑制恐惧或中性的想法。没有出现自相矛盾的恐惧增加。相反，压抑减少了对被压抑的恐惧的记忆，使它们变得不那么生动，也不那么容易引发焦虑。训练结束后，参与者报告的焦虑、负面情绪和抑郁较少，后者的益处持续3个月。高特质焦虑和与大流行相关的创伤后应激反应的参与者获得了最大和最持久的心理健康益处。这些发现挑战了一个世纪以来的智慧，即抑制思想是不适应的，为改善心理健康提供了一种可行的方法。训练人们抑制恐惧的想法改善了心理健康，特别是对那些患有焦虑和创伤后应激障碍的人。
Anxiety, posttraumatic stress, and depression markedly increased worldwide during the COVID-19 pandemic. People with these conditions experience distressing intrusive thoughts, yet conventional therapies often urge them to avoid suppressing their thoughts because intrusions might rebound in intensity and frequency, worsening the disorders. In contrast, we hypothesized that training thought suppression would improve mental health. One hundred and twenty adults from 16 countries underwent 3 days of online training to suppress either fearful or neutral thoughts. No paradoxical increases in fears occurred. Instead, suppression reduced memory for suppressed fears and rendered them less vivid and anxiety provoking. After training, participants reported less anxiety, negative affect, and depression with the latter benefit persisting at 3 months. Participants high in trait anxiety and pandemic-related posttraumatic stress gained the largest and most durable mental health benefits. These findings challenge century-old wisdom that suppressing thoughts is maladaptive, offering an accessible approach to improving mental health. Training people to suppress fearful thoughts improved mental health, especially for those with anxiety and post-traumatic stress.
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