Life cycle oriented technology chain optimization: a methodology to identify the influences of tool manufacturing on environmental impacts caused in the tool’s use phase

Life cycle oriented technology chain optimization: a methodology to identify the influences of tool manufacturing on environmental impacts caused in the tool’s use phase
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面向生命周期的技术链优化:识别工具制造对工具使用阶段环境影响的方法

DOI:
10.1007/s11740-019-00911-5
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发表时间:
2019
期刊:
Production Engineering
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Thomas
Thomas
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Grünebaum;Müller;Ulrich;Sebastian;Thomas

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有限的资源、不断增长的全球能源需求和法律的规定迫使工具制造商提供生态高效的产品。工具在其生命周期的每一个阶段都会对环境产生影响--从资源开采到废弃。在使用阶段产生的环境影响在很大程度上取决于工具制造阶段产生的工具特性。需要对影响使用阶段的参数以及用于制造工具的制造技术进行全面分析,以尽量减少使用阶段的环境影响。因此,介绍了一种方法,支持技术规划者修改技术链,以提高一个工具的生态效率下考虑生命周期阶段之间的影响。首先分析该工具,以确定其相关特性。然后分析工具使用阶段内的技术影响。在第三阶段确定的制造阶段对工具特性的影响。第四,增加了由工具特性和使用阶段的技术影响引起的工具环境影响。因此,该方法能够通过调整工具制造阶段和使用阶段的确定杠杆,减少工具在选定影响类别中的环境影响。
Limited availability of resources, increasing global energy demand and legal regulations force tool manufacturers to offer ecologically efficient products. Tools cause environmental impacts in every phase of their life cycles—from resource extraction to disposal. Environmental impacts arising during the use phase are highly dependent on the tool characteristics created in the tool’s manufacturing phase. A holistic analysis of the parameters affecting the use phase as well as of the manufacturing technologies used to manufacture the tool is needed in order to minimize the environmental impacts of the use phase. A methodology that supports technology planners to modify technology chains in order to improve a tool’s ecological efficiency under consideration of the influences between lifecycle phases is therefore introduced. The tool is first analyzed to identify its relevant characteristics. Technological influences within the tool’s use phase are then analyzed. The influences of the manufacturing phase on tool characteristics are identified in a third stage. Fourthly, the tool’s environmental impacts caused by the tool characteristics and by the technological influences during the use phase are added. The methodology therefore enables the reduction of a tool’s environmental impacts in selected impact categories by adjusting identified levers in the tool’s manufacturing phase and in its use phase.
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