Darcin: a male pheromone that stimulates female memory and sexual attraction to an individual male's odour.
Darcin: a male pheromone that stimulates female memory and sexual attraction to an individual male's odour.
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DOI：
10.1186/1741-7007-8-75
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发表时间：
2010-06-03
期刊：
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Hurst JL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Roberts SA;Simpson DM;Armstrong SD;Davidson AJ;Robertson DH;McLean L;Beynon RJ;Hurst JL
在无脊椎动物中，特定的信息素引发固有的(固定的)行为反应，以协调社会行为，如性识别和吸引。相比之下，哺乳动物复杂得多的社会气味提供了关于个体主人的广泛信息，并激发了个体特有的反应，这些反应是通过学习来调节的。哺乳动物如何利用这种气味来协调重要的社会互动，如性吸引，同时允许特定于个体的选择？我们假设雄性小鼠的尿液含有一种特定的信息素成分，这种成分可以激发对气味与生俱来的性吸引力，也可以刺激雌性小鼠的记忆，条件是与这种信息素相关的个体气味所有者对空气中气味的性吸引力。使用野生家鼠来确保在单个基因组中普遍存在的自然反应，我们识别出一个非典型的男性特异性主要尿蛋白(MUP)，其质量为18893Da，与女性尿味相比，它调用了女性对男性与生俱来的性吸引力。对这种我们命名为Darin的蛋白质信息素的吸引力与对完整男性尿液的吸引力一样强。重要的是，与Darin的接触也刺激了对个体空气中尿液气味的强烈习得性吸引，因此，随后，女性被该个体的空气气味所吸引，而不是其他男性的气味。这种不稳定的蛋白质是哺乳动物的一种雄性信息素，它通过联想学习和记忆来刺激对特定个体气味的灵活反应，使女性的性吸引力与生俱来，但对特定的男性具有选择性。这种“达辛效应”提供了一个新的系统来研究大脑中个体特有记忆的神经基础，并为复杂的社会哺乳动物的行为调控提供了新的见解。请参阅相关评论http://www.biomedcentral.com/1741-7007/8/71
Among invertebrates, specific pheromones elicit inherent (fixed) behavioural responses to coordinate social behaviours such as sexual recognition and attraction. By contrast, the much more complex social odours of mammals provide a broad range of information about the individual owner and stimulate individual-specific responses that are modulated by learning. How do mammals use such odours to coordinate important social interactions such as sexual attraction while allowing for individual-specific choice? We hypothesized that male mouse urine contains a specific pheromonal component that invokes inherent sexual attraction to the scent and which also stimulates female memory and conditions sexual attraction to the airborne odours of an individual scent owner associated with this pheromone. Using wild-stock house mice to ensure natural responses that generalize across individual genomes, we identify a single atypical male-specific major urinary protein (MUP) of mass 18893Da that invokes a female's inherent sexual attraction to male compared to female urinary scent. Attraction to this protein pheromone, which we named darcin, was as strong as the attraction to intact male urine. Importantly, contact with darcin also stimulated a strong learned attraction to the associated airborne urinary odour of an individual male, such that, subsequently, females were attracted to the airborne scent of that specific individual but not to that of other males. This involatile protein is a mammalian male sex pheromone that stimulates a flexible response to individual-specific odours through associative learning and memory, allowing female sexual attraction to be inherent but selective towards particular males. This 'darcin effect' offers a new system to investigate the neural basis of individual-specific memories in the brain and give new insights into the regulation of behaviour in complex social mammals. See associated Commentary http://www.biomedcentral.com/1741-7007/8/71
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