Evidence that fold-change, and not absolute level, of beta-catenin dictates Wnt signaling.

Evidence that fold-change, and not absolute level, of beta-catenin dictates Wnt signaling.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.molcel.2009.11.017
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发表时间:
2009-12-11
期刊:
影响因子:
16
通讯作者:
Kirschner MW
Kirschner MW
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Goentoro L;Kirschner MW

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在经典的 Wnt 通路中,Wnt 配体与其跨膜受体的结合会抑制 β-catenin 的降解;结果,β-连环蛋白积累到激活靶基因的程度。利用数学模型和哺乳动物细胞实验,我们检查了 β-连环蛋白对 Wnt 刺激反应的稳健性。我们发现β-连环蛋白的最终(Wnt后)水平对Wnt信号通路中的所有扰动都非常敏感,因此轻微的遗传或环境变化预计会改变β-连环蛋白的最终水平,并改变该通路的输出。相比之下,一个不寻常的参数是稳健的:β-连环蛋白的倍数变化(Wnt 后水平/Wnt 前水平)。此外,在非洲爪蟾胚胎中,背侧前部发育和相应的靶基因表达对于改变最终水平但保持倍数变化完整的相同扰动是稳健的。这些结果表明:首先,尽管存在噪音和变化,但在一定范围内,细胞在给定的 Wnt 刺激下保持 β-连环蛋白的恒定倍数变化。其次,构建 Wnt 通路下游的转录机制是为了读取稳健的倍数变化,而不仅仅是读取 β-连环蛋白的最终水平。与感觉生理学中的韦伯定律类似,一些基因转录网络可能会被调整以响应倍数变化,而不是信号的绝对水平,作为减少随机、遗传和环境变化后果的一种方法。
In the canonical Wnt pathway, binding of the Wnt ligand to its transmembrane receptors leads to an inhibition of the degradation of β-catenin; as a result, β-catenin accumulates to a point where it activates target genes. Using mathematical modeling and experiments in mammalian cells, we examined the robustness of the β-catenin response to Wnt stimulation. We found that the final (post-Wnt) level of β-catenin is very sensitive to all perturbations in the Wnt signaling pathway, such that mild genetic or environmental variation would be expected to change the final level of β-catenin, and alter the output of the pathway. By contrast, one unusual parameter was robust: the fold-change in β-catenin (post- Wnt level / pre-Wnt level). Furthermore, in Xenopus embryos, dorsal-anterior development and the corresponding target gene expression are robust to the same perturbations that alter the final level but leave the fold-change intact. These results suggest: First, despite noise and variation, within a range the cell maintains a constant fold-change in β-catenin for a given Wnt stimulation. Second, the transcriptional machinery downstream of the Wnt pathway is constructed to read the robust fold-change and not simply the final level of β-catenin. In analogy to Weber’s law in sensory physiology, some gene transcription networks may be tuned to respond to fold-changes, rather than absolute levels of signals, as a way to reduce the consequences of stochastic, genetic and environmental variation.
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