Dietary Protein Intake Dynamics in Elderly Chinese from 1991 to 2018.
Dietary Protein Intake Dynamics in Elderly Chinese from 1991 to 2018.
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DOI：
10.3390/nu13113806
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发表时间：
2021-10-26
期刊：
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Wang H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ouyang Y;Tan T;Song X;Huang F;Zhang B;Ding G;Wang H
中国独特的快速城市化相关变化可能会影响老年人口的膳食蛋白质摄入量。本研究旨在评估中国老年人群膳食蛋白质摄入量和主要食物蛋白质来源的趋势，并评估其与膳食参考摄入量（DRIs）的符合性。研究样本为10，854名60岁或以上的老年人，来自1991年至2018年的10次中国健康与营养调查（CHNS）。蛋白质摄入量数据是根据3天24小时的饮食回忆获得的。在28年的时间里，中国老年人的膳食蛋白质摄入量从63.3克/天下降到57.8克/天，每年的变化为-0.032 ± 0.0001克/天（p < 0.05）。在所有人群亚组中，蛋白质摄入水平低于估计平均需求量（RNI）的受试者比例显著增加，蛋白质摄入水平高于推荐营养摄入量（RNI）的受试者比例降低。谷物是膳食蛋白质的主要来源，但随着时间的推移，谷物对膳食蛋白质的贡献逐渐下降。肉类的贡献从1991年的18.2%稳步上升至2018年的28.7%。从脂肪中获得的能量比例显著增加，2018年达到34.2%。中国老年人群的膳食蛋白质摄入量显著减少。虽然膳食结构的转变对改善蛋白质质量有积极作用，因为动物性食物的增加，但一些中国老年人目前面临着膳食蛋白质摄入不足的风险。
Unique rapid urbanization-related changes in China may affect the dietary protein intake of the aging population. We aimed to evaluate trends in dietary protein intake and major food sources of protein and estimate conformity to the dietary reference intakes (DRIs) in the elderly Chinese population. A sample of 10,854 elderly adults aged 60 years or older, drawn from 10 waves of the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) between 1991 and 2018, was included. Protein intake data were obtained on the basis of 3-day, 24 h dietary recalls. The dietary protein intake among elderly Chinese individuals declined from 63.3 g/day to 57.8 g/day over the 28-year period, with a −0.032 ± 0.0001 g/day change per year (p < 0.05). There was a significant increase in the proportion of subjects with a protein intake level below the estimated averaged requirement (EAR) and a reduction in the proportion of subjects consuming protein above the recommended nutrient intake (RNI) across all population subgroups. Cereals ranked as the major sources of dietary protein, although their contribution to dietary protein gradually decreased as time went on. The contribution from meat steadily rose from 18.2% in 1991 to 28.7% in 2018. The proportion of energy gained from fat increased notably, reaching 34.2% in 2018. The elderly Chinese population experienced a significant reduction in dietary protein intake. Although the transformation of dietary patterns had positive effects on improving protein quality due to increases in animal source food, some elderly Chinese individuals currently face the risk of inadequate dietary protein intake.
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