Oncolytic herpes simplex virus interactions with the host immune system.

Oncolytic herpes simplex virus interactions with the host immune system.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.coviro.2016.07.007
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发表时间:
2016-12
影响因子:
5.9
通讯作者:
Rabkin, Samuel D.
Rabkin, Samuel D.
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Saha, Dipongkor;Wakimoto, Hiroaki;Rabkin, Samuel D.

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溶瘤病毒(OV),如溶瘤单纯疱疹病毒(OHSV),经过基因改造,选择性地在癌细胞中复制并杀死癌细胞,同时保留正常细胞。最初的OV感染、细胞死亡和随后的OV在肿瘤微环境中的传播导致了一系列宿主反应(天生的和获得性的),反映了自然的抗病毒免疫反应。这些宿主和病毒之间的相互作用对于OV活性、限制OV的抗病毒免疫反应和诱导抗肿瘤免疫之间的平衡至关重要。宿主对OHSV的反应是复杂的、多方面的,受肿瘤微环境和免疫抑制的调节。作为一种成功的病原体,单纯疱疹病毒具有多种逃避宿主反应的机制。在这篇综述中,我们将讨论这些机制和HSV逃避,以及它们如何影响HSV治疗。
Oncolytic viruses (OVs), like oncolytic herpes simplex virus (oHSV), are genetically engineered to selectively replicate in and kill cancer cells, while sparing normal cells. Initial OV infection, cell death, and subsequent OV propagation within the tumor microenvironment leads to a cascade of host responses (innate and adaptive), reflective of natural anti-viral immune responses. These host-virus interactions are critical to the balance between OV activities, anti-viral immune responses limiting OV, and induction of anti-tumor immunity. The host response against oHSV is complex, multifaceted, and modulated by the tumor microenvironment and immunosuppression. As a successful pathogen, HSV has multiple mechanisms to evade such host responses. In this review, we will discuss these mechanisms and HSV evasion, and how they impact oHSV therapy.
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