Sulfur Homeostasis in Plants.
Sulfur Homeostasis in Plants.
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DOI：
10.3390/ijms21238926
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发表时间：
2020-11-25
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Yang A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li Q;Gao Y;Yang A
硫是植物生长发育所必需的大量营养元素。硫主要以硫酸盐的形式从土壤中吸收，然后转运到叶片的质体中，在那里被同化为有机产物。半胱氨酸（Cysteine，Cys）是硫代谢产生的第一个有机产物，是合成谷胱甘肽（Glutathione，GSH）、蛋氨酸（Methionine，Met）等具有重要生物学功能的含硫代谢产物的前体。硫酸盐的还原是在涉及多种酶的两步反应中进行的。硫酸盐转运蛋白（SULTRs）负责从土壤中吸收SO 42 −和在植物中运输SO 42 −。S转运蛋白家族有12-16个成员，根据编码序列同源性和生化功能分为5类。植物在缺硫胁迫下会发生一系列形态和生理变化。适应策略，包括顺式作用元件，转录因子，非编码microRNA和植物激素，已经在植物中进化以响应S缺乏。此外，植物体内硫素与其它营养元素之间存在着相互干扰.本文综述了近年来植物体内硫稳态机制的研究进展。
Sulfur (S) is an essential macronutrient for plant growth and development. S is majorly absorbed as sulfate from soil, and is then translocated to plastids in leaves, where it is assimilated into organic products. Cysteine (Cys) is the first organic product generated from S, and it is used as a precursor to synthesize many S-containing metabolites with important biological functions, such as glutathione (GSH) and methionine (Met). The reduction of sulfate takes place in a two-step reaction involving a variety of enzymes. Sulfate transporters (SULTRs) are responsible for the absorption of SO42− from the soil and the transport of SO42− in plants. There are 12–16 members in the S transporter family, which is divided into five categories based on coding sequence homology and biochemical functions. When exposed to S deficiency, plants will alter a series of morphological and physiological processes. Adaptive strategies, including cis-acting elements, transcription factors, non-coding microRNAs, and phytohormones, have evolved in plants to respond to S deficiency. In addition, there is crosstalk between S and other nutrients in plants. In this review, we summarize the recent progress in understanding the mechanisms underlying S homeostasis in plants.
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