Preconscious processing biases predict emotional reactivity to stress.
Preconscious processing biases predict emotional reactivity to stress.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biopsych.2009.11.018
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发表时间：
2010-02-15
影响因子：
10.6
通讯作者：
Zougkou, Konstantina
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fox, Elaine;Cahill, Shanna;Zougkou, Konstantina
焦虑脆弱性与注意力偏差有关：倾向于选择性地处理相对于中性或积极信息的负面信息。目前尚不清楚这种偏见是否：1）与压力事件的生理反应有关，2）与焦虑症的发展有因果关系。我们在一项非临床样本的压力反应性前瞻性研究中测试了前意识和有意识注意偏差的预测价值。104名男性参与者在基线时进行了评估，然后在4个月（n = 82）和8个月后（n = 70）再次进行评估。唾液皮质醇和自我报告的措施，获得了在基线测试会议除了措施的偏见注意。随后的情绪反应通过唾液皮质醇和自我报告的状态焦虑反应在实验室为基础的压力（4个月后）以及在现实生活中的压力8个月后（即，考试时间）。回归分析表明，前意识的负面处理偏见是最好的预测皮质醇对压力事件的反应。重要的是，选择性加工的测量提供了一个更好的指标，随后的情绪反应比自我报告的神经质，特质焦虑和外倾性的措施。这些结果表明，对消极材料的前意识偏见在焦虑脆弱性的提高中起着因果作用。我们的研究结果说明了注意力的前意识偏差在提供焦虑脆弱性的早期标记和治疗干预的潜在目标方面的潜在效用。
Anxiety vulnerability is associated with biases in attention: a tendency to selectively process negative relative to neutral or positive information. It is not clear whether this bias is: 1) related to the physiological response to stressful events, and 2) causally related to the development of anxiety disorders. We tested the predictive value of both preconscious and conscious attention biases in a prospective study of stress reactivity in a nonclinical sample. One hundred four male participants were assessed at baseline and then again 4 months (n = 82) and 8 months later (n = 70). Salivary cortisol and self-report measures were obtained at the baseline testing session in addition to measures of biased attention. Subsequent emotional reactivity was assessed by means of salivary cortisol and self-reported state-anxiety responses during a laboratory-based stressor (4 months later) as well as during a real-life stressor 8 months later (i.e., examination period). Regression analyses indicated that a preconscious negative processing bias was the best predictor of the cortisol response to stressful events. Importantly, a measure of selective processing provided a better indicator of subsequent emotional reactivity than self-report measures of neuroticism, trait-anxiety, and extraversion. These results suggest that preconscious biases toward negative material play a causal role in heightened anxiety vulnerability. Our results illustrate the potential utility of preconscious biases in attention in providing an early marker of anxiety vulnerability and a potential target for treatment intervention.
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2008.1788
发表时间：
2009-05-22
期刊：
Proceedings. Biological sciences
影响因子：
--
作者：
Fox E;Ridgewell A;Ashwin C
通讯作者：
Ashwin C
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Canli, T;Sivers, H;Gabrieli, JDE
通讯作者：
Gabrieli, JDE
DOI：
10.3758/bf03204507
发表时间：
1993-05-01
期刊：
BEHAVIOR RESEARCH METHODS INSTRUMENTS & COMPUTERS
影响因子：
--
作者：
COHEN, J;MACWHINNEY, B;PROVOST, J
通讯作者：
PROVOST, J
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Beevers, Christopher G.;Gibb, Brandon E.;Miller, Ivan W.
通讯作者：
Miller, Ivan W.
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
Dandeneau, Stephane D.;Baldwin, Mark W.;Pruessner, Jens C.
通讯作者：
Pruessner, Jens C.