Looking on the bright side: biased attention and the human serotonin transporter gene.
Looking on the bright side: biased attention and the human serotonin transporter gene.
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2008.1788
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发表时间：
2009-05-22
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Ashwin C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fox E;Ridgewell A;Ashwin C
人类在对情绪刺激的偏见注意方面有所不同，这些偏见可以赋予不同的弹性和对情绪障碍的脆弱性。例如，对积极情绪信息的选择性处理与增强的社交能力和幸福感有关，而对消极材料的偏见则与神经质和焦虑有关。选择性地避免负面材料的倾向也可能与心理健康和幸福有关。这些认知表型背后的神经生物学机制目前尚不清楚。在这里，我们第一次表明，等位基因变异的5-羟色胺转运蛋白基因（5-HTTLPR）的启动子区域与积极和消极的情感图片的差异偏见。长等位基因（LL）的纯合子个体表现出明显的偏向，选择性地处理积极的情感材料，同时选择性地避免消极的情感材料。携带短等位基因（S或SL）的个体中不存在这种潜在的保护模式。因此，一个共同的遗传多态性的等位基因变异与选择性处理积极或消极信息的倾向。目前的研究在证明基因型相关的改变在一个完善的处理偏见，这是一个已知的风险因素，在确定弹性和脆弱性的情绪障碍是很重要的。
Humans differ in terms of biased attention for emotional stimuli and these biases can confer differential resilience and vulnerability to emotional disorders. Selective processing of positive emotional information, for example, is associated with enhanced sociability and well-being while a bias for negative material is associated with neuroticism and anxiety. A tendency to selectively avoid negative material might also be associated with mental health and well-being. The neurobiological mechanisms underlying these cognitive phenotypes are currently unknown. Here we show for the first time that allelic variation in the promotor region of the serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLPR) is associated with differential biases for positive and negative affective pictures. Individuals homozygous for the long allele (LL) showed a marked bias to selectively process positive affective material alongside selective avoidance of negative affective material. This potentially protective pattern was absent among individuals carrying the short allele (S or SL). Thus, allelic variation on a common genetic polymorphism was associated with the tendency to selectively process positive or negative information. The current study is important in demonstrating a genotype-related alteration in a well-established processing bias, which is a known risk factor in determining both resilience and vulnerability to emotional disorders.
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