Generation and validation of homozygous fluorescent knock-in cells using CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing.

Generation and validation of homozygous fluorescent knock-in cells using CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing.
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DOI:
10.1038/nprot.2018.042
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发表时间:
2018-06
期刊:
影响因子:
14.8
通讯作者:
Ellenberg J
Ellenberg J
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Koch B;Nijmeijer B;Kueblbeck M;Cai Y;Walther N;Ellenberg J

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用荧光蛋白标记基因对于研究细胞蛋白质的动态性质是必不可少的。CRISPR/Cas9技术是将荧光标记插入到感兴趣基因(GOI)的所有等位基因中的强大工具,并允许融合蛋白的功能和生理表达。为了避免(I)荧光蛋白的错误插入,(Ii)荧光蛋白对融合蛋白的干扰或(Iii)CRISPR/Cas9造成的非特异性基因组DNA损伤,仔细评估这种基因组编辑的细胞系是至关重要的。在这个方案中,我们提供了一步一步的描述我们的系统管道,以产生和验证纯合子荧光敲入细胞系。我们已经使用了配对的Cas9D10A镍酶方法,通过同源定向修复有效地将标签插入到特定的基因组位置,并最大限度地减少了脱靶效应。对每个细胞克隆进行全基因组测序既费时又费钱。因此,我们建立了一个高效的验证流程,包括连接PCR、Southern Blot分析、Sanger测序、显微镜、Western印迹分析和活细胞成像,用于细胞周期动力学的验证。这一方案需要6-9周。使用该方法,多达70%的靶基因可以用荧光蛋白纯合标记,并导致融合蛋白的生理水平和表型功能表达。该协议提供了详细的工作流程,描述了如何使用CRISPR/CAS9技术将荧光标记插入到感兴趣基因的所有等位基因中,以及如何产生和验证纯合的荧光敲入细胞系。
Gene tagging with fluorescent proteins is essential to investigate the dynamic properties of cellular proteins. CRISPR/Cas9 technology is a powerful tool for inserting fluorescent markers into all alleles of the gene of interest (GOI) and permits functionality and physiological expression of the fusion protein. It is essential to evaluate such genome-edited cell lines carefully in order to preclude off-target effects caused by either (i) incorrect insertion of the fluorescent protein, (ii) perturbation of the fusion protein by the fluorescent proteins or (iii) non-specific genomic DNA damage by CRISPR/Cas9. In this protocol, we provide a step-by-step description of our systematic pipeline to generate and validate homozygous fluorescent knock-in cell lines. We have used the paired Cas9D10A nickase approach to efficiently insert tags into specific genomic loci via homology-directed repair with minimal off-target effects. It is time- and cost-consuming to perform whole genome sequencing of each cell clone. Therefore, we have developed an efficient validation pipeline of the generated cell lines consisting of junction PCR, Southern Blot analysis, Sanger sequencing, microscopy, Western blot analysis and live cell imaging for cell cycle dynamics. This protocol takes between 6–9 weeks. Using this protocol, up to 70% of the targeted genes can be tagged homozygously with fluorescent proteins and result in physiological levels and phenotypically functional expression of the fusion proteins. This protocol provides a detailed workflow describing how to insert fluorescent markers into all alleles of a gene of interest using CRISPR/Cas 9 technology and how to generate and validate homozygous fluorescent knock-in cell lines.
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